Shaanxi characteristic dwellings

Guanzhong Folk Houses: Dangjia Village is the most representative. Dangjia village has a history of about 660 years, and it is a folk house in Ming and Qing Dynasties. When you walk into Dangjia Village, the first thing you feel is the stone roadway and the tall, elegant and exquisite courtyard gate house. Another traditional quadrangle is Heyang residence. The first courtyard of Heyang Mansion generally includes concierge, upper room and lower room. In the past, wealthy families had a study yard and a stable yard, or three yards side by side with small doors. "Half-house" mainly refers to the traditional architectural form in the western rural areas of Guanzhong. This kind of house looks like a "row" from the side, which is exactly half of the double-sided house. Generally speaking, the back wall of a house is 5-6 meters high and the eaves wall is 3 meters high. When it rains, the rain flows to one side. This kind of house with a side cover is called "big house" by rural people.

Folk houses in northern Shaanxi: caves. Cave dwellings are generally built on a hillside facing south, facing the sun, facing the mountains and facing the open area, with few trees sheltering them, which is very suitable for living and living. Generally, the caves in the First Hospital are built with 3 holes or 5 holes, with the middle kiln as the main kiln, some divided into front and rear kilns, and some with 1 and 3 openings. From the outside, the four holes need to be opened separately. If you go inside, you can find that they have tunnel-type small doors with semicircular tops, so the space of the caves will increase. The cave walls are generally painted with lime, which looks dazzling, dry and bright. There is a pot and a stove on one side of the cave, and the stove is connected to one end of the kang. Because the flue of the stove fire passes through the bottom of the kang, it is very warm on the kang in winter. On the three walls around the kang, there are usually some patterned papers or collages, which are called Kangwei by people in northern Shaanxi. Kang wai is a practical decoration, which can avoid the direct contact and friction between the bedding on the kang and the rough wall and keep it clean. In order to beautify the living room, many people draw circles on the kang. This is the folk art with a long history in northern Shaanxi-painting outside the kang. The cave windows in northern Shaanxi are exquisite, which are divided into four parts: skylight, inclined window, kang window and doors and windows, all of which are decorated with paper cutting. According to the pattern of the window, they decorated the window grilles beautifully and appropriately. The window grilles are pasted outside the window, and the colors are bright from the outside, but the interior is bright and comfortable, thus producing a unique formal beauty of light, color and tone. The panes are sparse and sunlight can penetrate freely.

Dwellings in southern Shaanxi: The terrain in southern Shaanxi is complex, so the situation of dwellings is diverse. Traditional houses include stone houses, bamboo houses, diaojiao buildings, three-way houses and quadrangles. Stone houses are mostly built in Zhenba, Ankang and Xixiang mountainous areas; Bamboo and wood houses are mostly built in Nanzheng, Ningqiang and Chenggu mountainous areas; Diaojiaolou is mostly built in market towns along the river; Sanheyuan and Siheyuan are mostly built in Pingba Town.

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