What are the main aspects of traditional financing in real estate and enterprise management? Invite financial circles, legal persons and enterprise strategies to enter the analysis.

According to the general law, there must be strong financial support and diversified financing tools behind the extremely prosperous real estate market. On the contrary, real estate finance has lagged behind real estate development for a long time.

1. The balance of real estate credit in the United States accounts for 48% of the country's total credit, while that in Japan accounts for 52%. Generally, it is above 30% in European countries and less than 10% in China. The only financing channel for real estate companies is bank loans. The mortgage system was gradually introduced after 1996. However, a large number of real estate companies have miraculously developed and grown up in this relatively harsh financial environment. Leveraging large assets with small funds quickly completed the original accumulation of capital.

2. Apart from banks, there are not many forms of real estate financing. At present, there are mainly listing, equity financing, trust plans, bond issuance, industrial funds and so on.

3. The real estate industry in China is currently facing many problems, such as the mismatch between the source of real estate funds and the structure of capital utilization, and the excessive concentration of real estate funds in banks. In this way, the pressure on real estate funds is greater, and banks are also facing greater risks. The ideal real estate project should be diversified financing, multi-party investment and risk taking. Under the restrictions of the current commercial bank platform, the combination of real estate and new financial products is the main solution of real estate financing at this stage.

4. Except trust, other things seem to be difficult to achieve. Start with the second document. 12 1, real estate trust has become a new bright spot, especially trust has become the most important front end in real estate financing and the core force with the most innovative elements and portfolio advantages.

China's traditional financing mainly refers to direct bank financing, including:

1. Development loan: provided that the land use right is obtained, the self-owned development fund is not less than 30%, and the project, planning and construction application are completed, and the conditions for commencement are met. A loan applied by a developer to a bank for project development and construction.

2. Working capital loans: short-term loans used by developers to purchase project equipment and materials.

3. Mortgage loan: The developer applies for a long-term loan from the bank for individual buyers to pay the purchase price, and the purchased property is used as collateral to repay the principal and interest in installments. According to the regulations of the People's Bank of China, the developer will provide repayment guarantee if it is not higher than 70% of the house price. Generally, loans can only be issued after the main project is completed or the high-rise building is out of the ground.

4. Working capital loan of engineering unit: the construction unit applies to the bank according to the construction contract. Used for the construction unit to purchase materials and organize construction.

5. Special loans: refers to the policy loans provided by banks in national demonstration projects, key projects and affordable housing construction. By the financial discount or according to the indicators issued by the Planning Commission.