How to distinguish between single keel and double keel?

The issue of keel mainly refers to the connection between the front suspension and the racing car body, single keel, double keel and no keel are the three more common;

Traditional racing car body has a protruding "rib" under the monocoque shell, which is used to connect the front suspension struts on both sides;

Taking into account of the efficiency of the bottom airflow and aerodynamic effect, double keel structure began to appear.

Taking into account the efficiency of the airflow at the bottom of the car and the aerodynamic effect, the double keel structure began to appear, with a protruding "rib" on each side of the monocoque shell connecting to the front suspension struts on both sides;

However, the problem with the double keel structure was that the front of the car was too complex and heavy, which was not conducive to the weight distribution of the whole car, as well as to the steering and cornering performance;

Of course, there's also Renault's V-keel, which is an intermediate between a single and double keel;

The keel-less approach eliminates the protruding "tendons" and connects the front suspension struts directly to the car's monocoque shell.

McLaren's evolution is standard: single keel - > double keel - > keel-less;

while Ferrari has always had a traditional single keel, and this year began to use a degraded double keel, sort of like a keel-less form.

That's about it