What is the origin of Putonghua?

Mandarin is the modern standard Chinese widely used in China. The word "Putonghua" appeared in the late Qing Dynasty. The Qing court defined Beijing Mandarin as "Mandarin" in 1909, and the pronunciation of Mandarin was formulated many times during the Republic of China. After the founding of New China, it was stipulated in 1955 that the national common language was Putonghua. The predecessor of Mandarin is Mandarin in Ming and Qing Dynasties, before which it was called Yayan.

Mandarin is another name for modern standard Chinese, and all countries have their own common language (official language, capital Mandarin)-no matter the United States, Russia, India and other countries, there are many dialects, so it is convenient for people to travel widely by popularizing the standard languages of all countries.

China's national lingua franca is Mandarin, which is an improved capital accent (different from the capital hutong) promoted by China officials in past dynasties. It is necessary to distinguish three concepts: capital elegance, namely, capital mandarin, capital hutong and improved capital elegance.

Extended data:

The characteristics of Putonghua pronunciation are as follows: the initials have no voiced sound except the fricative sound, nasal sound and marginal sound behind the tip of the tongue; Vowels are polyphonic, and nasal vowels are divided into two types: front and back; Initial consonants have no voiced opposition, no entering rhyme, sharp combined sound flow, few tones, simple mode, soft voice and nursery rhymes.

The Grade Certificate of Putonghua Proficiency Test is an effective certificate to prove candidates' Putonghua proficiency, which is uniformly printed by the State Language Committee. The certificate of Putonghua Grade B or below shall be issued after being sealed by the provincial (municipality directly under the Central Government) Language and Literature Working Committee, and the certificate of Putonghua Grade A shall be valid after being audited by the National Putonghua Proficiency Testing Center and stamped with the seal of the National Putonghua Proficiency Testing Center. A valid Putonghua proficiency test grade certificate is common in China.

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