Blood red ceramic vase

You are talking about Langyao red vase, Langyao red, is China's valuable copper-red glaze in the most colorful one, it is characterized by: colorful, red and vivid, and has a strong glass luster. Because the glaze is thick, at high temperatures produce flow, so the finished Lang red often in the mouth along the exposed white tire, showing a spinning white line, commonly known as "lampshade edge". And the bottom edge of the glaze flow hanging cohesion, nearly black red. In order to flow glaze is not the foot, the craftsman with a scraper on the outside of the foot scraped a two-layer platform, blocking the flow of glaze flow down, this is a unique technique in the process of production of Lang kiln red porcelain, the world has "off the mouth of the foot Lang does not flow," the name.

Ching Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong three dynasties of social and economic prosperity, porcelain production process has reached its historical peak. Where the Ming Dynasty has been not only the varieties can be burned, and most of the improvement or innovation. Because there is a reign of 60 years of the Qianlong emperor love of art, under his advocacy, Lang red ware than the Kangxi more mature and more than a very fine products came out. In addition, the Qianlong period of Lang red in the thin glaze, the color of chicken blood, known as "chicken blood red"; thicker glaze layer, the color is dark, like the first condensation of ox blood, known as "ox blood red". Lang red glaze is copper as coloring agent, with 1300 ℃ high temperature firing. Due to the atmosphere and temperature requirements of the firing is very strict, firing a successful product is very difficult. Therefore, there was a folk proverb at that time that said, "If you want to be poor, burn Lang Hong." So Lang Hong ware was very expensive at that time.

Chinese Qing dynasty Jingdezhen kiln red glazed porcelain. Department of Jiangxi governor Lang Ting pole in jingdezhen supervise the manufacture of porcelain and named, in addition to cowpea red and ji red.

Lang Ting pole is in the forty-four to fifty-one years of Kangxi (1705 ~ 1712) in the service of the firing of Lang kiln red. Lang kiln one of the earliest in Liu Tinggui "in the garden of miscellany", the book contains "nearly back to the Lang kiln is expensive, ZiGuanZhongChancellor of the open House of Xijiang when made also. Imitation of ancient dark, and true, than copy into, Xuan, dark water color, orange skin, brown eyes, paragraph cool Xiao, very difficult to identify. Ziguan for Lang Ting pole's nickname, he was in office during the supervision of craftsmen imitation Xuande, Chenghua period porcelain, can reach the degree of real.

Lang kiln red is to imitate the Ming Xuande period gem red glaze characteristics of firing. The glaze is thick, glassy, and the best products are bright red. Heirlooms to bottle more, common Guanyin bottle, flogging bottle (flogging mouth straight neck for hard flogging, flared mouth and round shoulders for soft flogging), straight neck and flat-belly bottles; plate bowl is also a lot of, there are the whole body in the shape of a chrysanthemum petal. Langyao red ware mouth is mostly white, and Xuande red glazed porcelain lampblack mouth features similar to the bottom of the vessel is white, beige known as the bottom of the rice soup, light green known as apple green. Lang kiln red porcelain written on the bottom of the year of the "Ming Xuande system", "Qing Kangxi system" two kinds, but the number is not much [Edit Paragraph] Lang kiln red identification Lang kiln red, that is, Lang kiln fired copper-red glazed porcelain.

Lang kiln is one of the official kilns of the Qing dynasty, that is, the forty-fourth to the fifty-first year of the Kangxi (1705-1712), Jiangxi governor Lang Ting pole supervised the supervision of the burning of the imperial kilns.

Lang kiln products in addition to Lang kiln infrared, and Lang kiln green, Lang kiln orchid glaze and gold, Lang kiln blue, five colors. The greatest achievement of the kilns was the recovery of the copper-red glaze firing technology, which was lost in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and the successful firing of the famous Langyao red.

The use of copper raw material as a coloring agent, as early as the Han Dynasty on the lead green glaze pottery used, lead green glaze is copper in the low temperature oxidation flame coloring. High-temperature copper red first appeared in the Tang Dynasty Changsha kiln, another in the Tang Changsha kiln and the Song Dynasty kilns are also used as decoration. Really fired into a colorful copper-red glaze porcelain began in the Yuan Dynasty Jingdezhen kilns, the glaze color is dark red. It laid the foundation for the development of copper-red glaze in later generations. To the early Ming dynasty Yongle, Xuande years Jingdezhen kiln really fired into the body bright red high temperature copper-red glaze porcelain. But by the middle of the Ming Dynasty this firing technology was lost. It was not until more than 200 years ago, during the Kangxi dynasty of the Qing dynasty, that high-temperature copper-red glazed porcelain was successfully fired in the Lang kilns.

Lang kiln red is a copper red glaze in the more vivid one, its glaze surface is smooth and translucent, glassy, open grain piece and have cow hair pattern, glaze color varies in depth. Color deeper red, with "" bright as a mirror, moist as jade, red as blood "" features, its glaze color clear and colorful, as if the first condensation of oxblood general scarlet, brilliant. The color is thick with black, light with pink, and light with dark brown.

Lang kiln red ware glaze in beige, slightly green, white three, are open with flakes.

Lang kiln red ware foot glaze has rice soup color, apple green, are showing red halo, occasionally also have red glaze bottom and white glaze bottom.

Lang kiln red ware has a single glaze and double glaze two kinds. Double glaze is no ""off the mouth"" phenomenon, single glaze glaze its mouth along the glaze in the high temperature tends to droop flow, so that the mouth edge reveals the color of the tire bone, generally white, beige, light red or light blue, the formation of the ""off the mouth"". As the glaze gradually drooping flow, so that the upper part of the glaze color light, the lower part of the glaze color deep color, forming a "" drooping glaze "". But because the production process is exquisite and master the fire, so that the Lang kiln red ware drooping glaze are generally not foot, called "" Lang does not flow "". Collectively referred to as "" off the mouth, hanging glaze, Lang does not flow "", which is the identification of Lang kiln red ware points. But "" Lang does not flow "" is not quite true, according to Mr. Geng Baochang survey statistics, about 15% is flowing glaze over the foot and slightly trimmed, but with the later kiln glaze chopping foot phenomenon and have different degrees of difference.

Lang kiln red glazed ware, in other aspects also have the KangXi dynasty era characteristics. First, the tire bone is white, fine and hard, the bottom of the tire has flint red; Second, the mouth is coated with powdery powder white glaze or paste white glaze, and more than a broken bubble; Third, the foot has a flat cut type, flat cut corners of the slightly garden type, rolling garden type or for the outside of the oblique cut two-layer table; Fourth, the body of the red glaze and the foot in addition to the exposed tire at a white line; Fifth, the unique type of vessel such as the Guanyin bottles, oil hammers, hats, such as bowls, etc. is the Kangxi extremely popular modeling; Sixth, most of the no mark, occasional blue and white "" Fu "", "" Shou "", "" Daqing Nianzhi "" mark.

Special mention should be made of the fact that copper is a very active element, and the coloration of copper is different in different firing atmospheres. Normal copper red is the coloration in the reducing atmosphere, but because of the ancient kiln fire, kiln temperature and other control is not very precise, there will often be firing failure. If the atmosphere is not controlled correctly, so that the kiln is oxidizing atmosphere, the copper will be different levels of greenish-green, Lang kiln also has such a problem. The Lang kiln wares that have been handed down have the so-called ""Lang kiln green"" or ""green Lang kiln"", and there is a kind of glaze that is red inside the wares and light green outside the wares are called ""anti-Lang kiln"", which are the variations of the Lang kiln red wares that have been handed down at that time."" Langyao green "" ware features and Langyao red ware is basically the same, can be identified using the same principles, while "" anti-Langyao "" ware is mostly small water pots, etc., the number is extremely rare.

Because of the Kangxi Lang kiln red glazed porcelain is precious, rare and expensive, so the later generations of imitators are more, some imitation is very high, almost can be messed up. But the imitation is unable to get rid of its era characteristics, and the real thing is different. Usually "" Lang kiln red "" imitations of the Republic of China, there are also used in the Yongzheng imitation brother glazed ware and then add green glaze or simply add color to imitate the Kangxi color Lang kiln ware. Its imitations of a glaze more white stars; two is the upper half of the glaze color and the lower half of the glaze color contrast, not coordinated; three is the tire is loose not very dense; four is too light or too heavy; five is not the elegant and dignified KangXi type; six is the mouth and the foot of the craft is not the same. As long as careful observation and control, imitations and the real thing can still be distinguished.

The movie feature film "sacrifice red" at home and abroad after the screening, many viewers of the girl's blood can be burned into a red vase and surprised. Of course, this is only a legend, in fact, with blood is not burned red porcelain fold. But Jingdezhen ceramics valuable color glaze varieties "sacrificial red" term has been thousands of viewers are familiar with. Since ancient times, "sacrificial red" is one of the most difficult varieties of firing, even the film of the "sacrificial red" vase, but also due to the start of filming before the repeated failure to burn, only temporarily replaced by another "Lang kiln red "Replacement. Today, the burning of a qualified "sacrificial red" porcelain is still so difficult, not to mention the very backward science and technology in ancient times. In Jingdezhen there is such a legend: according to legend in the Ming dynasty during the Xuande years, one day the emperor dressed in red obey the white porcelain offerings next to walk by, by chance to find that the white porcelain was dyed red, bright and colorful. Make the emperor moved, so the emperor sacrificed to heaven and earth ancestors, and the deadline to hand over, the wrong time to hand over will be all the potters thrown into the kiln burned to death, in order to save their lives, the potters day and night trial production, repeatedly burned not. See the deadline has come, the potters are very anxious. One of the old potter's daughter to get fairy dream, want her to throw herself into the blazing kiln, blood stained porcelain can be successful. So she took advantage of the people, horrified into the kiln, the people were too late to save, only to see a hot white smoke rose, and suddenly the kiln door opened wide, the kiln full of porcelain are red, we are moved by the spirit of filial piety daughter, so the "sacrificial red" in honor of her. The feature film "Sacrifice Red" in the "jump kiln" scene is based on this heroic. Legend so realistic and tragic, fully illustrates the history of the "sacrificial red" hard-won, according to the literature: the Ming Dynasty made fresh red is not a fact. Although the early Ming Dynasty has been successful trial production "sacrificial red" and Xuande "sacrificial red" is also good, but to the Zhengde, Jiajing, Longqing three generations of feudal dynasties "sacrificial red" frequently lost, can not burn out! The pottery book has contained: "The red" is also good. Pottery book has contained: "Fresh red soil is not known out of where, burning refinement to do red ware, Zhengjia interrupted, so Jiajing 26 years (A.D. 1571), the imperial edict to create outside the bright red porcelain, all the Royal Palace of Xu stacks please turn to check the change of the alum red case." So the ancient court order to create high-temperature copper red not successful only to change the firing of low-temperature iron red order is also common, which can also be seen "sacrificial red" why so valuable. Ritual red is the best of the traditional Chinese ceramic products. Is a pearl in the high temperature color glaze, Qing Xiang Yuanbian, "the name of the ages atlas" recorded: "...... sacrificial red, its color is as bright as Zhu Xia, really the first crown of the generations of famous ceramics! Its glaze is characterized by red not blinding, fresh but not, the glaze does not flow, cracks do not come out. It has a variety of aliases, there are "red", there are called "chicken red" or "red", in fact, are a variety. Because they are colored with copper oxide and is a firing, the appearance is not too far apart, so people often mistakenly "Lang kiln red" as "sacrificial red", because of this, the movie "sacrificial red" used "Lang kiln red" (due to the Kangxi Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty). "(because of the Qing Kangxi Jiangxi governor Lang Ting pole and governor of porcelain and the name) to replace the" sacrificial red", to fake to deceive millions of people's eyes, in fact, carefully observe the" sacrificial red" and" Lang kiln Red" whether from the tone style, glaze characteristics, firing temperature are significant differences, such as "Lang kiln red" color extremely bright red, strong transparency, with a large slice cracks, the upper part of the device slightly flowing glaze phenomenon. And "sacrificial red" red is deeper and more stable, glaze cracks, no floating light and no flow phenomenon, the bottom of the mouth have all the litmus edge, but their glaze composition and process is relatively close to the color glaze experienced people can skillfully put a cylinder with a good grinding "sacrificial red" glaze into "red" glaze. "glaze into" Lang kiln red "glaze, interestingly enough, at the same time can also be a cylinder with a good grinding fine" Lang kiln red "glaze into" sacrificial red "glaze. What is more interesting is that the ancients formulated "sacrificial red" can be said to spare no effort, such as coral, agate, cold water stone, beads, burnt material ...... Some formulas are even really mixed into the gold, but the firing rate is still very low, it turns out that the "red sacrifice "The firing is still a" fire art ", that is to say, even with a good formula if the firing conditions do not work, there are often full of kiln ware are into waste cases. Such as the fifties when the Soviet Union to engage in "socialist family technical cooperation", in which the Soviet Union, the GDR, Poland, the Czech Republic and other countries experts from China to learn the preparation of the "sacrificial red" process, but they returned to test firing is no matter how it is burned is no matter how it is not burned! Qualified "sacrificial red", not the formula is false, but they have not mastered the art of fire or also lead to. Today, "sacrificial red" still have a lot of new research topics to be studied and solved by people wish you good luck, I wish you a fortune.