Main chemical bond structure of graphite

Van der Waals forces are dominant. Graphite crystal is a mixed crystal form with layered structure. The carbon atoms sp2 in each layer are hybridized, and each carbon atom is combined with the other three carbon atoms through valence bonds to form a hexagonal network structure; Layers are bonded by intermolecular forces.

Layer belongs to molecular crystal, and the spacing of carbon atoms in the same network layer is 1.42? Because the bonds between carbon atoms on the same plane layer are very strong and extremely difficult to break, graphite has a high melting point and stable chemical properties. In view of its special bonding mode, graphite can not be regarded as single crystal or polycrystalline, but now it is generally regarded as mixed crystal.

Extended data:

Intermolecular force, also known as van der Waals force. It is a weak alkaline electric attraction between neutral molecules or atoms. There are three sources of intermolecular force (van der Waals force):

1. Interaction between permanent dipole moments of polar molecules.

2. One polar molecule polarizes another molecule, resulting in an induced dipole moment, which attracts each other.

3. The motion of electrons in the molecule produces instantaneous dipole moment, which makes adjacent molecules instantly polarized, and then enhances the instantaneous dipole moment of the original molecule; This mutual coupling produces a net attraction, and the contributions of these three forces are different. Usually the contribution of the third force is the biggest.

Baidu encyclopedia-graphite

Baidu Encyclopedia-Van der Waals