The role of pipa in Qinqiang music Qinqiang hold pipa

Qinqiang is a comprehensive art category, encompassing the table director, choreography and music and other artistic elements, because of its long history, deep cultural heritage, classic repertoire and artistic masters are endless, loved by the general public. Qinqiang music is the life of Qinqiang stage art, and its musicality is colorful and varied, either high-pitched and impassioned, or polite and low, with diverse melodic changes, which can accurately express the development of the storyline and the souls of the characters. The richness of Qinqiang's music is not only shown in the tuning, tonality and rhythm, but also in the variety of accompanying instruments, in addition to the four major pieces such as the main instrument Banhu (erhu, yangqin, cello), there are also auxiliary musical instruments, thus making the Qinqiang more reasonable and dignified in terms of expressiveness and lyricism, and making the rhythm of the chorus more in line with the story's chain of development, and the integration of the totality of its art.

The carrier of Qinqiang music is composed by composers according to the sadness and joy of the characters, and played by instrumental music, the pipa, as a kind of musical instrument, has its specific status and specific musical nature, its four strings represent different sound quality and volume, and the lightness of the playing often follows the formation of the Qinqiang plate cavity structure, which is equipped with the effect of stringed instruments. In the performance of the Qinqiang singing, the pipa plays a role in emphasizing the attributes of the music itself and the plot, and the story has a link with the role of the characters know, and with the drums, gongs, hairpin, small hinges, etc., the role of the mutual integration, coupled with the pipa's sound of the crisp and bright luster and the sound quality of the sound produced by the *** ming sensation, lilting and stretching, quietly and softly, with the Qinqiang music is a very good match. The Qinqiang music is a synthesis, which is accompanied by many musical instruments playing harmonious music in a large musical atmosphere, serving the transition tone, end tone, articulation tone, singing tone of the Qinqiang's own opera, the board tone of the folding opera and the board tone of the clear singing, which is vital to the expression of the actor's singing voice. The Qinqiang has two major modes, Huan Yin and Bitter Yin (also called Flower Yin and Weeping Yin), and six fixed musical panels, and the expression of music relies on the close cooperation and connection of various musical instruments, which makes the singing sound like a board, and this kind of customary playing method is exactly where the charm of the Qinqiang's music lies. The pipa is relatively common among many instruments, and it is not strange to melt together to complete a certain section of a tune or a section of a cantata. However, in the music beat that expresses the change of the characters' emotions, the pipa can be played independently to reveal the characters' inner joy, uneasiness, sorrow, grief, and even nervousness to the change of the mind, which really achieves the realm of "a plucked string with a thousand feelings! The first is the "one string, one thousand feelings" realm.

Many traditional plays, new historical plays and modern plays on the Qinqiang stage are inseparable from the intervention of music, and in the expressiveness of the stage, the Qinqiang music of the specific board is consistent. The pipa's performance is based on the rhythm of the music as a whole, and each pivot point, each strength, such as a clear line, a thread, a layer, a layer of the beautiful music in place, forming an independent artifact of the pipa's playing. In the overall artistic layout of the music, the pipa solo seems to have a deep meaning, and its performance content is roughly divided into three kinds of grief and anger, tension, and lyricism, revealing the main body of the essence of the Qinqiang music and the main theme of the character's personality, and playing a role in transferring or transitioning emotions.

Sadness and anger. Grief and indignation is the mood of the character to the top of the emotional development of the mood portrayal, refers to people encountered blows or unable to fight when the spontaneous consciousness of the catharsis, with obvious subjectivity. For example, in the classic traditional Qin opera "Dou'e Grievance? For example, in the classic traditional Qin opera Dou E Grievance and the Killing Ground, the pipa is used to express Dou E's grief and indignation. Dou E's grief and indignation come from the accusation against the evil feudal forces, the hopelessness of fate, the hopelessness of resistance, which puts a bleak color on her soul. In the "Killing Fields" section, the pipa's performance focuses on Dou E's kneeling, and the music is melancholic and tragic, expressing Dou E's thoughts of Grandma Cai and her sighs of regret at the injustice of fate. The pipa plucks the strings alone, first comes a long tone, the sound is pure and leisurely, containing a heavy meaning, after a pause, another long tone, the sound is leisurely and deep, full of bitter flavor, a little quiet, pluck a light tone, like a sigh, to the sharp, the sound of music comes in droves, to the short tone, and then come to an abrupt end. Viewers listening to pipa music, more is the tragic fate of Dou E show sympathy. Dou E's emotional anguish, played on the pipa, accentuates her indignation and pain, pain and sorrow, thus adding to the feasibility and readability of the characterization and moving the viewer.

Tension type. Tension is an externalized form of emotion, with intense or urgent ideological feelings and release of pre-disturbance factors, and once the nervous state of mind reasonable arrangement, it can make the characters themselves or their own opposites to form a tacit understanding, to achieve the purpose of the heart. For example, in the fifth scene of the modern Qin opera "The Story of Xijing", when Luo Tianfu exhorts his only son Luo Jiacheng to awaken, the pipa is played alone to pick up the ups and downs of the feelings of the father and son, which can be said to be profoundly meaningful. Here, the sound of the pipa is in fact the sound of Luo Tianfu's humanity, which implies the noble, kind, simple and true peasant qualities. The pipa is sung in Luo Tianfu's heartfelt paragraph after the start of the sound, urgent and short, showing the tension and nervousness, "boom, boom, boom", even plucked three **** the same tone, from light to heavy, the landing is even more powerful, clean and sharp. The input of music gives the pipa more space to play, but at the same time is not detached from reality, focusing on the characters and their life scenes, and thus conduction in the characters is specific and clear.

Lyrical. Lyricism is the expression of the character's emotions, or even venting. Love both outside and inside the flow, both collected and released, the point of emotion, mainly depends on the grasp of the angle and moderation. For example, in the traditional Qin opera "Maiji Lament", Empress Yifei's emotional touch originated from her encounter with her former lover in the Buddhist temple. B Fo's compassion, love and kindness express the value of life, her self-sacrificing spirit, enriched by her supreme character, she is the embodiment of the quiet one, the enlightened one, the compassionate one. But in the face of her childhood sweetheart, Efo's heart rippled. The separate playing of the lute invariably enhances the understanding and acceptance between the two, as well as the surprise after the encounter and the contemplation after the surprise, restoring the true nature of the character. The sound of the pipa is smooth and expansive, like a fine breeze soothing the heart, or the flow of a brook; the sound lifts up and slides down, slides down and then lifts up again, joyful and delightful, and repeatedly chanted until the harmonies are engaged. The lyrical pipa music lengthens the lyricism of the two men's emotions, creating a genuine inner communication.

The pipa has its own sonic uniqueness in the performance of Qinqiang music. Its concise and clear method of playing, the clear and soft sound, seems to be more active in expressing the character's emotion than other instruments, and the intensity is more profound. The diversification of Qinqiang music allows more instruments to play their proper roles, and pipa players should have a clear attitude and play the pipa with precision, so that it can perform more perfectly in terms of sound.