What are the main parts of the car body?

Hood (also known as hood) is the most striking body part, and it is also one of the parts that car buyers often look at. The main requirements for the hood are heat insulation, sound insulation, light weight and strong rigidity.

The engine hood is generally composed of an outer panel and an inner panel, with heat insulation material sandwiched between them. The inner plate plays a role in enhancing rigidity, and its geometric shape is selected by the manufacturer, basically in the form of skeleton. Generally, the engine hood is turned backwards and a small part is turned forwards.

The hood turned backward should be opened to a predetermined angle, and should not contact with the windshield, with a minimum spacing of about10 mm. To prevent it from opening automatically due to vibration during driving, the front end of the hood should be provided with a safety hook locking device, and the switch of the locking device should be set under the dashboard of the carriage. When the door is locked, the hood should also be locked.

Roof cover

The roof is the cover plate at the top of the carriage. The roof is not a very important part of the overall rigidity of the car body, which is why the skylight is allowed to open on the roof cover. From the design point of view, it is important how to make a smooth transition with the front and rear window frames and columns to obtain the best visual sense and minimum air resistance. Of course, in order to ensure the safety of the car roof, there must be some strength and rigidity. Generally, a certain number of reinforcing beams are added under the roof, and thermal insulation gasket materials are laid on the inner layer of the roof to prevent the conduction of external temperature and reduce the transmission of noise during vibration.

Trunk lid

The trunk lid requires good rigidity, basically the same as the engine lid in structure, and also has an outer panel and an inner panel, and the inner panel has ribs. Some cars called "hatchback and half" have trunks extending upwards, including the rear windshield, which increases the opening area and forms a door, so it is also called the back door, which not only keeps the shape of the sedan car, but also facilitates the storage of articles.

If the back door is used, the rafter sealing strip should be embedded on the inner panel side of the back door, and the surrounding area should be waterproof and dustproof. Hook hinges and four-bar hinges are usually used as supporting members for opening the trunk lid. The hinge is equipped with a balance spring, which is convenient for the trunk lid to open and close, and can be automatically fixed in the open position for easy access.

fender

The fender is the exterior panel of the car body that covers the wheels. It is named after the shape and position of this part of the old car body like the wings of a bird. According to the installation position, it is divided into front fender and rear fender. The front fender is installed at the front wheel, which needs to ensure the maximum limit space when the front wheel rotates and jumps. Therefore, the designer will use the "Wheel Runout Diagram" to verify the design size of the fender according to the selected tire model size.

The rear fender has no problem of wheels rubbing on the ground, but due to aerodynamic considerations, the rear fender is slightly arched outward. Now some car fenders have been integrated with the car body in one go. However, there are also fenders of cars that are independent, especially the front fenders. Because there are many collision opportunities, it is easy to replace the whole piece by independent assembly. The front fenders of some cars are made of elastic plastic materials (such as plastic). Plastic cushioning, relatively safe.

Front wall plate