Customs and habits in Tang dynasty

The Tang Dynasty (6 18 ~907) is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, and it is also recognized as one of the most powerful times in China.

Territorial and political regions

In the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, the territory stretched to the Korean Peninsula in the east, the Aral Sea in Central Asia in the west, Hue in Vietnam in the south and Lake Baikal in the north. There were many foreign nationalities in the Tang Dynasty. In order to effectively manage Turkic, Uighur, Mohong, Tiele, Shiwei and Qidan, etc. Six capitals, Anxi, Anbei, Anton, Annan, Khan and Beiting, were established.

Official system:

Central official system

Division III: Taishi, Taifu and Taibao (honorary post);

Sangong: Tai Wei, Situ and Sikong (honorary positions);

Three provinces: Zhongshu province (decision-making, secretary), Menxia province (attendants, suggestions) and Shangshu province (administration);

There are six departments in Shangshu Province: official department (personnel), household department (household registration, finance), etiquette department (etiquette department), military department (national defense), criminal department (court) and Ministry of Industry (engineering, water conservancy).

Technology:

Astronomer Monk and his party measured the length of meridian for the first time in the world. Sun Simiao's Qian Jin Fang is a rare medical work. In 868, the printing of Diamond Sutra in China was the earliest block printing known in the world. China's papermaking, textile and other technologies spread to West Asia and Europe through the Arab region.

Economy:

1. Currency

After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, it quickly introduced its own coinage policy. In the fourth year of Wude (62 1), in July, "Five baht money was wasted, and Kaiyuan Baotong money was used, with a diameter of eight points and a weight of two baht and four points. Ten articles weigh one or two, and a thousand articles weigh six pounds and four ounces. " Established the legal tender status of the National Mint Bureau. At the same time, it inherited the tradition of taking silk as currency in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and implemented the monetary system of "money and silk go hand in hand"-money is copper coins, and silk is the general name of silk products, including brocade, embroidery, silk, silk, crepe, silk, silk and silk. In fact, it is a diversified monetary system combining physical currency and metal currency.

Culture, art and religion:

Due to the developed economy, the culture of the Tang Dynasty was also in a leading position in the world at that time, and cultural exchanges with many countries in the world were very frequent. South Korea and Japan sent many international students to study in Chang 'an. The friendly exchanges between the Tang Dynasty and the Arab region made jadeite, pepper and Islam first introduced to China. 40% of the murals and sculptures in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are works of the Tang Dynasty.

The most remarkable literary achievement of the Tang Dynasty is the Tang poetry. Since Chen Ziang and the "four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty", famous poets in the Tang Dynasty have emerged one after another, among which Li Bai, Du Fu, Cen Can and Wang Wei in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Li He, Han Yu and Bai Juyi in the middle Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin and Du Mu in the late Tang Dynasty are several representatives.

diplomacy

The Tang government pursued a relatively friendly foreign policy. In 64 1 year, Emperor Taizong sent someone to escort Princess Wencheng to Tubo to marry Zambizong Zambopo. Later, Princess Jincheng married Zambezi Dezuzan and formed an alliance to bring the advanced culture of the Tang Dynasty to Tubo. In 822, the Tang-Fan Alliance was established, and the boundaries were demarcated and non-aggression. The Jokhang Temple in Lhasa still preserves the monument of the Tang-Fan Alliance. In 794, the Tang Dynasty and Nanzhao joined forces in Diancang Mountain, and the two sides established good relations.