Feudal land system has a characteristic of land sons inheritance method, how to understand?

that is, the hereditary system "hereditary system" is the ancient king stepped down, the emperor's nine to five to his own son. Hereditary system is the name, title and property according to the lineage relationship between generations, this inheritance is mainly "parent" inheritance, the inheritance of the vassal states." The line of descent can also be divided into paternal and maternal lines. Ruling monarchs also have to take over, monarchs and monarchs may have blood relations, but not necessarily is the direct line, there are brother to brother, there are uncle to nephews; some of them are commissioned by the king, but also to grab the class to seize the power, the power to usurp the throne, so not in the hereditary case.

Introduction

Hereditary or hereditary system refers to a hereditary system of social concepts from the system of cededom to the hereditary system of kingship, in which a certain exclusive right is maintained from generation to generation in a certain bloodline family. It can be divided into two categories: political hereditary and economic hereditary.

There were hereditary ruling regimes in the early days of human societies all over the world, most of which were feudal hereditary systems. It is an ancient system of inheriting titles and official positions. In the pre-Qin era, China practiced the system of hereditary emoluments, from the Son of Heaven and the feudal ruler, down to the ministers, great doctors and scholars, their titles, fiefs and official positions were inherited from father to son. The number of such hereditary succession was theoretically unlimited until the change of dynasty or the defeat of the family occupying the title or official position in a political struggle.

Profits and drawbacks

Benefits for later regimes:①Favorable to the unification of the country, played an important role in the initial laying down of the motherland's boundaries and the formation of the Chinese nation;②Favorable to the development of the feudal economy;③Established the authoritarian rule of the landlord class over the masses of the laboring people, and the Qin's tyrannical rule resulted in the deterioration of the people's situation. Influence on future generations:The political system of centralized autocratic rule established by the Qin dynasty was very pioneering, and it laid down the basic pattern of the feudal political system in China for more than two thousand years, which was used by successive feudal dynasties and was constantly strengthened and improved.

Disadvantages of the hereditary throne system:The traditional principle of succession to the throne in Chinese history could not guarantee the optimization and exaltation of the emperor's qualities because of the narrow hereditary scope of choosing a successor. The selected emperor in the young children, idiots, prodigal son, mediocrity of many people, its scourge of the country and the people is certain to be inevitable. The story of Liu Chan, the later lord of Shu Han, who was "too happy to miss Shu" is well known. Western Jin Dynasty emperor Sima Zhong's confusion is hilarious, "Jin Book" has recorded, there are frogs singing in the Hualin Garden, Emperor Hui asked around said: "for the official? For private?" Squire Jia Yun said: "in the official place for the official, in the private place for private". According to statistics, China's history under the age of ten doll emperor as many as 30. The earliest was Emperor Zhao of the Western Han Dynasty, and the latest was Emperor Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty. The youngest for the Eastern Han Dynasty Zhendi, born just over 100 days on the emperor; Eastern Han Dynasty Chongdi and Eastern Jin Dynasty Mu Di 2 years old to do the emperor;

Northern Wei Dynasty Xiaowen Emperor and Qing Dynasty Xuantong Emperor 3 years old to do the emperor; Qing Dynasty Guangxu 4 years old to do the emperor; 5 years of age of the Eastern Jin Dynasty Chengdi, Northern Wei Dynasty Xiaomingshi Emperor, the South Sung Dynasty Gongdi; 6 years of age of Qing Dynasty Tongzhi and Shunzhi Emperor; 7 years of age of the Yuan Ning Emperor; 8 years of age of the Western Han Dynasty Zhaodi, Eastern Han Dynasty Qidi, Qing Dynasty Kangxi Emperor; 9 years of age of the Western Han Dynasty Pingdi, Ming Yingliang, Qing Dynasty Emperor; 9 years of age of the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty Qidi, Qing Dynasty Emperor Kangxi. The emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Ping, Ming Yingzong. 10 years of age before reaching adulthood is also a lot of teenage emperors.

According to the above can be seen, in the imperial power is greater than all, all-inclusive feudal society, the emperor's successor is only based on the biological factors of the family lineage relationship selected, because the choice of the range is too narrow, and sometimes there are personal subjective emotions mixed in, so the hereditary system of the emperor is not the selection of the emperor is not a corrupt person, will be young and stupid, ignorant son, the real smart and strong very few. This with the emperor has the power to exercise this power with the talent between the existence of a great contradiction and gap, this contradiction and gap to the country caused by the harm and disaster is indeed a large and boundless, either political disorder, social unrest, that is, the country is a disaster until the destruction of the society, and the demise of a dynasty has a close relationship.