Dragon boat rowing skills and training methods

Although dragon boat rowing is a traditional custom during the Dragon Boat Festival, it is also an outdoor sport. Below, I will bring you the skills and training methods of dragon boat rowing. I hope it will be useful to you. help.

(1) Technical analysis of dragon boat rowing

We all know that in order for a boat to move forward, the paddle must generate a reaction force on the water to push the boat forward. Since dragon boat racing is a special sport, the technique must not only conform to the rationality of the human body structure, but also not produce any force that hinders progress when paddling, and maximize the strength of the muscles. Therefore, dragon boat racing technology is both vertical and horizontal. Reasonable technology combined.

The current technological development is actually about the actual effect of movement, which needs to be analyzed from two aspects: power effect and power consumption, that is, the angle, route, distance, speed of paddling, as well as the support force and boat generated by moving the oar. Contrast between the degree of obstruction in progress. All technical improvements will be based on maintaining a reasonable body posture. Therefore, reasonable dragon boating technology must comply with the following principles:

(1) Only when the technology conforms to the structural and functional characteristics of the human body, can Maximize the functions of the human body and obtain maximum effectiveness.

(2) It must comply with certain principles of fluid mechanics and make full use of the special characteristics of water to create power.

(3) Reasonable technology must be based on overall effectiveness, consider local technology and gains and losses, and use individual technology based on personal conditions.

(4) Reasonable technology must meet the requirements of the competition rules and be able to use the advantageous parts of the rules to improve technology.

(2) Technical action methods of dragon boat rowing

1. Action name

According to the functions of dragon boat rowing athletes, they can be divided into rowers and drummers , gong player, helmsman.

The body posture of a paddler can be roughly divided into sitting, standing, and kneeling on one foot. From a mechanical point of view, the sitting posture is more reasonable, while the standing posture and kneeling posture often appear in folk competitions. Reasonable body posture can reduce the resistance of paddling, facilitate the movement of the arms, and make the movements more coordinated and powerful. However, the emergence of other postures during folk competitions can increase the fun and atmosphere of the competition.

Drummer’s postures can be divided into standing drumming, sitting drumming, and kneeling drumming with one leg. The drumbeats and drumming methods are different, which has a lot to do with local traditions.

The posture of the gong player can be divided into standing and sitting. Gong players often dress up as women in folk competitions. However, in formal competitions, gong players must dress in the same uniform as the athletes and are not allowed to make unnecessary movements.

The helmsman’s postures include standing with fixed rudder, standing with movable rudder, and sitting with movable rudder. Rudders in folk competitions vary in length, and the helmsman can still participate in paddling. However, the rudders in official competitions have uniform specifications, and the coxswain cannot participate in paddling.

2. Action method

The paddling action method consists of sitting posture, holding the oar, entering the water, holding hands, moving the oar in the water, collective cooperation, rhythm and other techniques.

(1) Hold the oar. The rower on the right row puts his left hand on the upper end of the oar handle first, with his four fingers together from the outside inward, the palm of his hand close to the upper end of the oar handle, and his thumb covering the oar handle from the inside out. The right hand is at the lower end of the oar (the junction between the blade and the oar handle), with the four fingers close together from the outside inward, and the thumb covering the oar handle from the inside out. When rowing, you should relax naturally and don't hold it too tightly to avoid blistering on your palms. The key points for holding the oars in the left row sitting position are the same as those in the right row. You only need to change the positions of the left and right hands.

(2) Sitting posture. The body of the right row rower remains in a sitting position, with the outside of the right thigh close to the side of the boat, the right leg bent, the soles of the feet behind the partition under his seat, the left leg half-bent, and the soles of the feet in front of the partition in the front row (the left and right legs can also be opposite each other). Change). The rowers on the left row sit in the opposite position to those on the right row.

[Key Actions] Make reasonable use of the power of pushing forward and supporting the legs to stabilize the center of gravity of the body. Use your body to lean forward, twist your trunk, and fully extend your shoulders. The feet should be pushed forward when pulling water, and the feet should be pushed back when moving the oar.

(3) Enter the water. When paddling with the left hand, lean forward, rotate your torso, and extend your right shoulder forward. The force from the back and shoulders is transmitted to the left arm, the left elbow joint is slightly bent, and the elbow is raised to form a high elbow movement. The moment the oar enters the water, press the oar downward with your left arm until the water is pulled out. When the oar enters the water, straighten your right arm forward. The angle of the oar entering the water is 80'-90* which is more reasonable. After the oar enters the water, the right arm is pulled back and the elbow joint cannot be extended outward. The entire action is similar to the transmission arm of a train wheel.

[Key points of action] The angle at which the paddle enters the water must be between 80° and 90°. When the oar enters the water, press down on your left arm and pull back on your right arm.

(4) Pull water. After the oar enters the water, the rower must pull the water immediately. When pulling the water, the right arm is pulled back, the left arm presses the oar downward, the right leg (or left leg) steps forward on the partition, and the torso moves backward. The distance of the water pull is 1 to 1.2 m. When pulling water, the paddle should be vertical to the water surface.

[Key Actions] The distance of pulling water should be as long as possible, and the time of pulling water should be as short and fast as possible.

(5) The oar comes out of the water. The water release action after the oar pulls the water. When out of the water, relax your left arm and lift up the paddle. Buckle your right wrist inward and lift the oar up to make the oar blades resist the water.

[Key Actions] Relax your left and right arms and lift up the oar. The oar should not be lifted too high, just above the water.

(6) Push the paddle forward.

The following two methods are commonly used:

① Press down with your left hand to make the paddle almost parallel to the water surface, then push the paddle forward with your right arm, and then enter the water. This method is suitable for competition venues with strong wind and waves. The athletes are not tall but have strong arm strength.

② Raise the left and right arms and push forward. During the forward push process, the paddle blades cannot touch the water surface to avoid resistance. It should not be raised too high, which will affect the forward extension of the arms, the time to enter the water, and the speed of rowing.

[Key Actions] During the process of moving the paddle, the left and right arms must be relaxed to prepare for the process of pulling water.

(3) Teaching and training of dragon boat rowing techniques

1. Teaching methods and suggestions for dragon boat rowing

Dragon boat teaching is the same as other sports. It has both the nature of sports and the nature of education. Therefore, the teaching process of dragon boating must be guided by pedagogy and sports theory, and the characteristics, processes, principles, and methods of dragon boating teaching must be deeply studied, the teaching rules can be mastered, and the teaching quality of dragon boating must be continuously improved.

(1) Characteristics of dragon boat teaching. Compared with other sports, dragon boat racing has the following different factors in terms of teaching environment and exercise physiology:

①Teaching environment. Dragon boating instruction takes place on the boat most of the time. Because the boat rocks up and down and left and right on the water, beginners are prone to become afraid of the water. Moreover, the unstable rocking of the boat makes it difficult for beginners to master the balance, making it more difficult for beginners to learn.

②The source of power for movement. The forward force of the dragon boat is obtained by the human body using oars to act on the water. It is a kind of movement that can only obtain power after being transmitted by a third party. Therefore, it increases the difficulty for athletes to understand the technical theory.

Due to the above factors, the unique characteristics of dragon boating teaching are formed: ensuring safety is the first consideration in dragon boating teaching. Therefore, in terms of selecting venues, organizing teaching, and selecting and arranging teaching methods, All must be considered from the aspects of ensuring safety and preventing accidents. For beginners, the first step is not to teach movements, but to familiarize themselves with the environment of the boat in the water, so that students can gradually adapt to the environment and overcome their fear of water, and then teach movements.

(2) Teaching methods of dragon boat rowing technique. The purpose of dragon boating teaching is mainly to enable students to master the knowledge, technology and skills of dragon boating. Dragon boating teaching must be based on practice methods, supplemented by language and intuitive methods.

The teaching of dragon boat rowing generally adopts the decomposition teaching method, that is, a complete dragon boat rowing action cycle is reasonably divided into four parts: entering the water, pulling the water, controlling the water, and moving the paddle in the air, and then teaches it step by step , and finally achieve full mastery.

2. Practice methods of dragon boat movement techniques

(1) Learning and practice methods of paddling movement techniques.

According to the requirements of the teaching principles of intuitiveness, step-by-step and consolidation, the teaching sequence of dragon boat rowing action techniques is: introduction of complete action techniques - broken down into several action teachings - entering the water - pulling the water - controlling the water - Moving paddles in the air - teaching of coherent and complete movements. During the teaching process, the teacher first explains and demonstrates the complete movements, and then demonstrates the decomposed movements so that the students can clearly understand the key points of the movements, and then do imitation exercises on land. The imitation is divided into free-hand exercises and paddling exercises. After many times of imitating the paddling practice, and then through complete and coherent coordination exercises, the purpose of mastering the rhythm of paddling movements can be achieved. The drummer plays the drums and directs the rhythm from slow to gradually speeding up. Then practice three types of slow-paced paddling (60 paddles/min), medium-tempo paddling (90-100 paddles/min) and fast-paced paddling (more than 120 paddles/min). Rhythm paddling, and finally practice the starting paddling technique. Since the boat starts while stationary, the starting paddling technique is different from the paddling technique on the way. The starting stroke generally adopts the technique of deep insertion and then pulling, which has the characteristics of deep draft of the paddle, and when pulling the water, both legs push forward and support back, and the distance of pulling is long. Generally, 8-10 propellers are used as the starting paddle to enter the middle paddle.

(2) Practice methods for drummer movement techniques.

The drummer usually stands at the bow of the boat and is the command center for the entire team of athletes. The quality of the drummer's command directly affects the results of the competition. Drummers are required to be smaller, light, flexible, and have a strong sense of rhythm, so the selection requirements are high. The order of practice for drummers is: drumming with one hand and drumming with both hands. The order of drum beat practice is: 40 paddles/min - 60 paddles/min - 80 paddles/rain - 90 paddles/min - 120 paddles/min. Try to practice until the drum beat error does not exceed 2 paddles/min.

[Common Mistakes] The drum sound is sometimes louder and sometimes softer, the forearm force is too strong, the hand is raised and sometimes low when playing the drum, and the wrist strength is not well controlled.

[Key Actions] When playing drums, concentrate on your thoughts, know the drum beats, control your wrist strength, and drop the drum quickly, so that the drum sound is not sloppy and the sound is crisp.

(3) Gong hand movement technique training methods.

Throughout the competition, the gong player plays the role of conveying information between the drummer and the helmsman and balancing the boat. There are three ways to play gongs: one is to cooperate with the drummer. The sound of the drum indicates that the athlete's oar has entered the water. When Yu Shui lifts the oar, the gong sounds immediately, forming a sound of one drum and one gong in a stroke cycle. One is that the drummer and gong player play at the same time, forming a two-note rhythm. But the gongs should not be too loud. Athletes mainly listen to the drums. The last one is to hit the gong once in 2-3 stroke cycles. This type is suitable for substitute players who have been trained as gong players to play gongs.

The degree of tacit understanding between drummers and gong players indicates the level of training quality of the team.

(4) Helmsman.

The helmsman is the command center for the progress and dispatch of the dragon boat. The quality of the helmsman affects the competition mood of the whole team. The requirements for a helmsman are: moderate stature, flexibility, clear mind, concentration, and a character that is not afraid of danger. Currently, the rudders used in national competitions include fixed rudders and flexible rudders.

[Practice method] Whether it is a fixed rudder or a flexible rudder, the gong operator must learn to veer left, veer right, bend left, bend right, turn left, turn right, Travel in a straight line.

When the helmsman is holding the helm, he should look ahead and pay attention to the reaction of the drummer and gong player. The body is slightly bent forward, and the legs are spread forward and backward into a lunge. When the athlete pulls the water, they push the boat forward with force with both legs.

3. How to correct wrong actions

To correct wrong actions, you must first observe whether the action is correct. Dragon boat racing requires a large number of people, and the method of observing wrong actions can be classified observation. The teacher divides the wrong actions made by students during practice into several types, first corrects the common wrong actions, and then corrects individual wrong actions. When correcting wrong movements, the teacher should repeatedly explain the essentials of the movements, patiently inspire students to actively think about the correct movements, and compare them with their own movements, so that students can know the reasons for their wrong movements, and seize the main contradictions to make improvements. to the effect. In short, in the early stages of teaching, teachers should pay attention to making students master the correct movements. Otherwise, correcting a wrong movement is often more difficult than learning a new movement. Moreover, sometimes if the corrected movement is not consolidated, the wrong movement may still reappear. Therefore, teachers should ask students to practice the corrected actions repeatedly to achieve the desired results.

4. The organization and requirements of dragon boat rowing teaching

The teaching of dragon boat rowing, like the teaching of other sports techniques, is realized through a certain organizational form. Dragon boats are mostly competed and trained on rivers, lakes, and seas. Therefore, the wind and waves are strong, the water is fast, there are whirlpools, and the boat can easily capsize. During the dragon boat teaching process, teachers must have a high degree of safety awareness, fully consider safety measures when preparing lessons, and implement them conscientiously during class to completely avoid accidents.

The safety work of dragon boat teaching can be roughly divided into the following aspects:

(1) First, conduct a health check on the students. Students with heart disease, high blood pressure, infectious diseases, epilepsy and other diseases will not be allowed to board the ship. During the teaching process, students' health status should be constantly understood.

(2) Survey the water conditions and terrain of the class venue in advance, and prepare rescue tools.

(3) Provide necessary water rescue knowledge and technical training to students who are good at water.

(4) If you encounter wind and waves during training, stay calm, don’t panic, and don’t stand up.

5. Training methods for dragon boat racing

Sports performance is a concentrated expression of training effects. It reflects the depth and breadth of people’s understanding of training and the effectiveness of training methods. Dragon boating is a high-intensity, high-volume water sport that requires high physical fitness. In recent years, the requirements for national competitions have been unified, and there is not much difference in skills and tactics among provincial teams. The overall physical fitness of each team has become an important factor in improving sports performance. Therefore, the following two points should be paid attention to in daily training: Athletes’ general training should include comprehensive training The development of physical fitness and the training of special physical fitness (strength, explosive power, endurance, agility and flexibility); the general training of athletes must reflect the characteristics of specialization.

According to the characteristics of dragon boating, water training must be the main focus, but the important role of land training in improving the dragon boating special level and developing all-round quality cannot be ignored. Only by using land for water and combining water and land , in order to achieve better training results. Practice has proved that land training is an important part of dragon boat racing training. Therefore, land-based exercises must be highly valued in teaching training.

6. Basic strength training for dragon boat racing

Although unity and cooperation are one aspect, basic strength is also of great help to dragon boat racing. It is usually best for dragon boat athletes to strengthen their upper limbs and back strength. Everyone should also strengthen the relevant part movements in the "Strength Training Guide" provided by MuscleNet. If you exercise 2-3 times a week, your strength will be greatly improved in a month.

Training methods of dragon boat action skills

(1) Learning and training methods of rowing action skills: Dragon boat rowing training is divided into water entry, water pulling, water control, paddle shifting, and connection. Complete training in action. The simulation is divided into freehand practice and paddling practice. After many times of simulated paddle-holding training, and then completely connected to the same training, the goal of mastering the rhythm of paddling movements can be achieved. The drummer plays the drum to direct the rhythm from slow to gradually speeding up, and then practice slow-paced paddling (60 paddles/minute), medium-paced paddling (90-100 paddles/minute) and fast-paced paddling (more than 120 paddles/minute)

Three kinds of rhythm paddling, and finally practice the starting paddling technique. Because the boat starts when it is stopped, the starting paddling technique is different from the paddling technique on the way. The starting stroke generally adopts the technique of shallow insertion and then pulling, with the blade drafting 2/3 of the water. When pulling, the legs push forward and support back, which is characterized by a long distance between pulls.

Generally, 3 propellers are used as the starting paddle, and 10-15 paddles can be used to enter the middle paddle.

(2) Drummer movement technique training methods. The drummer usually stands at the bow of the boat and is the command center for the entire team of students. The quality of the drummer's command directly affects the results of the competition. Drummers are required to be small, light, agile, and have a strong sense of rhythm, so the selection requirements are high. The order of practice for drummers is: drumming with one hand, drumming with both hands. The order of drum beat practice is: 40 paddles/minute, 60 paddles/minute, 80 paddles/minute, 100 paddles/minute, 120 paddles/minute. Try to practice until the drum beat deviation does not exceed 2 paddles/minute.

Key points of action: When playing drums, concentrate your thoughts, keep the drum beat in mind, control your wrist strength, and drop the drum quickly, so that the drum sound does not drag out and the sound is loud.

It is easy to make mistakes: the drum sound is sometimes loud and sometimes soft, the forearm force is too strong, the hand is raised sometimes when playing the drum, and the wrist is not held well.

(3) Gong hand movement technical training methods. During the whole competition, the gong player plays the role of conveying information between the drummer and the boatman and balancing the ship. There are three ways to play gongs: one is to play the gong with the drummer. The sound of the drum indicates that the student's oar has entered the water. When Yu Shui lifts the oar, the gong sound starts, forming a sound of one drum and one gong in a paddling cycle. One is that the drummer and gong player play at the same time to form a two-note rhythm.

However, the gongs should not be too loud. Students should mainly listen to the drums. The last one is to hit the gong every 2-3 stroke cycles. This type is suitable for substitute players who have been trained as gong players to play gongs. The level of tacit understanding between drummers and gong players indicates the quality of the team's training.

(4) Shao Gong. The Shaogong is the command center for the dragon boat's progress and adjustment. The quality of the Shaogong affects the competition mood of the whole team.

The requirements for Shaogong are: moderate stature, agility, clear mind, concentration, and courageous character. Currently, the rudders used in national competitions include fixed rudders and flexible rudders.

Whether it is a fixed rudder or a flexible rudder, the pilot must learn to veer left, veer right, bend left, bend right, turn left, turn right, and move forward in a straight line.

Instructions: When holding the rudder, look ahead and pay attention to the reaction of the drummer and gong player. The body is slightly bent forward, and the legs are spread forward and backward into a lunge. When students pull water, they push the boat forward with both legs.

Precautions for dragon boat racing

1. First of all, if you want to become a dragon boat team member, you must also undergo training. You cannot join just because you want to. You must have a certain understanding of dragon boating before joining. , the positions can be divided according to the physical fitness, expertise, etc. of the players. Next, there will be training for ten days or more. At this time, the training should pay attention to the cultivation of safety awareness.

2. Dragon boat races must be held in designated areas, and private dragon boat racing activities must be held within the time and waters determined by the government. This must be communicated and determined with the local government department in advance, otherwise there will be duplicate arrangements, which will affect the dragon boat time.

3. Check the quality before the dragon boat enters the water. Do not use wooden dragon boats with no guaranteed quality and "three noes" fiberglass dragon boats. According to relevant regulations, before each dragon boat launches into the water, the person in charge of the dragon boat team and the person in charge of the village (neighborhood) should carefully check the quality (navigability) of the dragon boat and the configuration of life-saving equipment.

4. In addition, friends who participate in dragon boat races need to wear life jackets. When the dragon boat is on the water, team members are not allowed to carry valuables. The life jacket usage rate must reach 100%. Anyone found not wearing a life jacket will stop paddling.

5. It is not advisable to eat too much before the competition to avoid feeling uncomfortable during the rowing process. If any player feels unwell, substitute a substitute immediately and discuss game strategy. Make appropriate preparations before the game and relax.

6. Finally, dragon boat racing is very physically demanding. People with heart disease, high blood pressure and other diseases that are not suitable for strenuous exercise, or those who are weak and unfamiliar with water are not allowed to participate in dragon boat racing. Special attention should be paid to this. .