Why is Europe so short of energy?

The self-sufficiency rate of European energy system is extremely low, and it is highly dependent on imports. From 2 1 century, it began to transform into green energy. The primary energy consumption in Europe is huge, but the output of traditional energy sources such as natural gas, oil and coal is low, and the dependence on foreign countries is extremely high. About 40% of Europe's energy imports, 30% of crude oil and 50% of coal are supplied by Russia. In order to reduce the external dependence of energy and promote carbon emission reduction, Europe has accelerated the energy transformation, and the proportion of renewable energy supply has rapidly increased to 40%. As a transitional energy source under the carbon neutral path, the proportion of natural gas power generation has also increased.

The increase in energy prices caused by the intensification of geopolitical conflicts has aggravated the inherent fragility of the European energy system. Due to the "radical" energy transformation and the huge fluctuation of green energy, the European energy system has become more fragile, and its dependence on traditional energy sources such as Russian natural gas has continued to rise. Since the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian war, many economies such as the United States and Europe have successively increased sanctions against Russia, which has aggravated the situation in Russia and Ukraine. With the intensification of geopolitical conflicts and limited energy supply, the pressure of rising energy prices in Europe has become more prominent, further aggravating the inherent fragility of the European energy system.