Small knowledge of national quintessence

1. Peking Opera is the quintessence of our country. How much do you know about Beijing Opera?

Peking Opera, also known as Pingju and Peking Opera, is the most influential opera in China, with Beijing as the center and all over the country.

Since the 55th year of Qianlong reign in Qing Dynasty (1790), four Huizhou classes, Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, which were originally performing in the south, have successively entered Beijing, cooperated with artists from Hubei, accepted some plays, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera, and absorbed some local folk tunes. Through constant communication and integration, Peking Opera was finally formed. [ 1]

Beijing opera has a set of standardized artistic expression schemes in literature, performance, music, stage art and other aspects. The aria of Beijing Opera is a plate variation, with Huang Er and Xipi as the main vocals. Beijing opera accompaniment can be divided into two categories: sub-performances and 500 performances. Huqin is the main musical instrument in the field of literature, and drum board is the main musical instrument in the field of military affairs. The foot color of Beijing opera can be divided into three lines: health, Dan, purity, ugliness, miscellaneous, martial arts and fashion, and the latter three lines are no longer specialized. Every profession has a set of performance programs, and the skills of singing, reading and playing are different. Beijing opera takes historical stories as its main performance content. There are about 1300 traditional plays, and more than 3400 are often performed.

2. Basic knowledge of Peking Opera

The four artistic skills of singing, reading, doing and acting in Beijing Opera are also the four basic skills of Beijing Opera.

"Singing" refers to singing, and "reciting" refers to reciting with music. The two complement each other and form a "song", which is one of the two major elements of the performance art of Beijing Opera. "Doing" refers to the physical movements of dancing, while "beating" refers to the skills of martial arts and somersaults. Their combination constitutes one of the two major elements of the performance art of Beijing Opera. Painting a certain color on a person's face symbolizes his personality and characteristics. The role and fate are a major feature of Beijing opera, which can help to understand the plot.

Simply put, red face contains praise, representing loyalty and courage; Black face is neutral, representing fierce wisdom; Blue face and green face are also neutral, representing rebellious heroes; Yellow face and white face are derogatory, representing fierceness; Gold and silver surfaces are mysterious, representing gods and demons. Facebook originated from ancient religious and dance masks, which have been used ever since.

Drama, China's "national quintessence" and national drama, has a history of 200 years and enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. Also known as Pihuang, it consists of two basic tones, Xipi and Huang Er, and also sings some local ditties and Kunqu tunes.

1840 was formed in Beijing and prevailed in 1930s and 40s. It is still a big drama with world-class influence.

It is the representative of modern Han Opera in China, with comprehensive business, mature performance and magnificent momentum. In addition, "Beijing Opera" is also an online word, which means the same as "fear".

3. Knowledge about Peking Opera, the quintessence of China.

Peking Opera, also known as "Pihuang", is composed of two basic tones, Xipi and Huanger. It also sings some local tunes (such as Liu Zi Opera and Blowing Opera) and Kunqu Qupai. 1840 was formed in Beijing and prevailed in 1930s and 40s. It is sometimes called "National Opera". It is still a big drama with national influence. It is the representative of China modern opera, with comprehensive business, mature performance and magnificent momentum. Chinese Peking Opera is the quintessence of China with a history of 200 years. The name of Peking Opera first appeared in Shenbao in the second year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1876). Historically, it has been called Pihuang, Huang Er, Huang Qiang, Peking Opera, Pingju, National Opera and so on. In the fifty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong (1790), four Anhui Huizhou classes entered Beijing, where they became attached to Kunqu opera, Han opera and Yiyang. Its rich repertoire, the number of performing artists, the number of troupes, the number of audiences and the profound influence are the highest in the country. Peking Opera is a comprehensive performing art, that is, singing (singing), reciting (reciting), acting (acting), fighting (martial arts) and dancing (dancing) are integrated. Through programmed performance means, stories are told, characters are portrayed, and thoughts and feelings of "happiness, anger, sadness, joy, surprise, fear and sadness" are expressed. Roles can be divided into four categories: raw (male), Dan (female), pure (male) and ugly (both male and female). Characters are divided into loyalty, ugliness, good and evil. Every image is vivid. The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, Peking Opera was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Peking Opera facial makeup is a kind of freehand brushwork and exaggerated art, which often uses bats, swallows' wings and butterflies' wings as patterns to hook eyebrows, eyes and cheeks, and combines exaggerated nasal fossa and mouth fossa to depict facial expressions. Cheerful and optimistic facial makeup is always eye-catching for Shu Mei, while sad or violent facial makeup is mostly eye-catching. When sketching, the height of crow's feet is used to show age, the up-and-down opening and closing of decrees is used to show temperament, and the different patterns of Tang Yinwen are used to symbolize character. Peking opera facial makeup design

Peking Opera facial makeup is a special makeup method with national characteristics. Because every historical figure or a certain kind of figure has a common score, just like singing and playing music should be based on the score, it is called "Facebook". As for the source of Facebook, it is generally said that it comes from a mask.

Peking Opera facial makeup adopts certain colors according to a certain personality, temperament or a special type of characters. Red has Facebook to show loyalty to warriors, such as Guan Yu, Yu Jiwei and Chang Yuchun; Black faces show fortitude, integrity, courage and even recklessness, such as Bao Zheng, Zhang Fei and Li Kui jy. Yellow facial expressions indicate fierceness and cruelty, such as Yuwen Chengdou and Dian Wei. Blue or green Facebook shows some rude and violent characters, such as Doulton and Ma Wu. White faces generally represent traitors and bad guys, such as Cao Cao and Zhao Gao.

The color painting methods of Peking Opera facial makeup are basically divided into three categories: rubbing face, wiping face and hooking face. The initial function of Facebook is only to exaggerate the five senses and facial texture of the characters in the play, and to express the characters' personality, psychology and physiology in an exaggerated way to serve the whole drama festival. But later, from simple to complex, from coarse to fine, from surface to inside, from shallow to deep, Facebook gradually became a graphic art with national characteristics and human face as the means of expression.

It is estimated that there are more than 200 such dramas, such as Cosmic Front, Yutangchun, Changbanpo, Heroes' Club, Fisherman, Wuyi, Picking Chinese Cars, Playing Golden Branches, Picking up Jade Bracelets, High-five, Six or Four Children in the Snow, Searching for and Saving the Lonely, and Qin Xianglian.

4. What little knowledge does China traditional culture have?

China's traditional cultural knowledge includes:

1, four famous embroideries: Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Sichuan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery.

2. Four famous fans: sandalwood fan [Jiangsu], wax fan [Guangdong], bamboo silk fan [Sichuan] and silk fan [Zhejiang].

3. The four famous flowers are Peony [Heze, Shandong], Narcissus [Zhangzhou, Fujian], Chrysanthemum [Hangzhou, Zhejiang] and Camellia [Kunming, Yunnan].

4. Top ten famous teas: West Lake Longjing [West Lake District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang], Biluochun [Biluofeng in Dongting Mountain, Taihu Lake, Wuxian, Jiangsu], Xinyang Maojian Tea [Cheyunshan, Xinyang, Henan], Junshan Yinzhen [Junshan, Yueyang, Hunan], Luangua Pian [Yun Qi Mountain, Lu 'an and Jinzhai counties, Anhui], Huangshan Mao Feng [Huangshan Mountain, Shexian County, Anhui], Qi.

5. Common sense of Peking Opera

At least 0.27 yuan to open a library member, check the full content > original publisher: the last line of Long Yuan Journal Network is referred to as "the end".

This business is mainly for men over middle age. In fact, at the end of the lines, he is specialized in the leading role, such as the lead actor.

Walk-on: A role smaller than a supporting role. Most of them play soldiers, officials, followers and the masses.

Don't think that these people are unimportant, especially on the battlefield. Four walk-on representatives have thousands of troops. They often run up and down under various flags according to the needs of the plot (so they are also called walk-on). This run, the grand atmosphere on the battlefield also came out.

Wenchang: a band in the accompaniment of Beijing Opera. Musical instruments mainly include jinghu, flute, sheng, suona, etc. You don't need to play. Ugly behavior is called "ugliness" for short.

Ugliness can be divided into Wen Chou and Wu Ugliness. According to the zodiac, ugliness belongs to cattle, which is stupid, and ugliness is synonymous with stupidity.

But the ugly martial arts on the stage is also called mouth jumping, which can talk and jump, and perform lively and smart roles, which is completely different from the ugliness and stupidity of cattle. Banyan: The term of China traditional opera music is beat.

In Beijing opera, the beat is controlled by the drum board. The beat with strong beat is called "board", and the second strong beat and weak beat are called "middle eye" and "small eye", which together are called "board eye". Martial arts field: a percussion band in the accompaniment of Beijing opera. The main musical instruments are drums (Dan Pigu, sandalwood), big A, cymbals and small gongs.

6. Basic knowledge and some knowledge of Peking Opera.

Sorry, that's all I found. Is it useful? Beijing Opera: Also called "Beijing Opera", it is one of the most popular operas in China.

It has a history of more than 200 years. Since the fifty-five years of Qianlong (1790), four Huizhou Qupai clubs, Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, which have performed in the south, have successively performed in Beijing. They cooperated with Hubei Quyi artists, influenced each other, accepted some plays, tunes and playing methods of Kunqu Opera and Qin Opera, absorbed some folk tunes, and gradually merged, evolved and developed.

"Four skills and five methods": the collective name of four performance skills of "singing and doing" and five technical methods of "hand-eye-body-step" (on "mouth-hand-eye-body-step"). This is the basic accomplishment of traditional opera actors.

"Role": In China traditional operas, the types of roles are divided according to the different gender, age, identity and personality of the people in the plays, such as E684E8a2ade799BEE5Ba63133231393065. For example, the average person is called life or death; The old woman is called Lao Dan; A man with a rough personality is called a shelf to draw a face (vice net) and so on.

Each has its own performing arts characteristics. From the perspective of China opera history, the division of roles has gradually changed from simple to complex.

In modern times, most traditional operas take life, Dan, Jing, end and ugliness as the main line, each with a relatively fine division. If life is divided into old students, young students and martial arts students; Dan is divided into Tsing Yi, Huadan, Lao Dan and wudan.

Actors often specialize in one kind of role, thus forming various specialized businesses. Traditionally, roles and occupations are common.

"Meeting color": a term of China traditional opera. It means that as soon as the actor ended, the audience gave warm applause, commonly known as "meeting color"

Ticket friends: terms of traditional Chinese opera and Quyi. It is a general term for non-professional opera, quyi actors and musicians.

According to legend, in the early years of the Qing Dynasty, the children of the Eight Banners, with the "Dragon Seal" issued by the Qing court, went to various places to sing children's books, engage in propaganda, and received no salary. Later, they called amateur actors who didn't get paid as "ticket friends". The fan organization of the fans is called "box office".

The performance of fans is called "ticket play". An amateur becomes a professional actor, which is called "going to sea".

Ma, Tan, Yang and Xi Xiaobo, four famous Peking Opera actors, became famous in 1930s. 1936, Beijing Liyan Daily held a public vote to select four Peking Opera actresses, namely Li Shifang, Zhang Junqiu, Mao Shilai and Song Dezhu, who were in class at that time or had not finished their studies, as "four-child actresses". 1940, under the influence of the four famous Dan, the above four people were re-elected as the "four minor Dan".

Four Famous Corners: Four Famous Corners of Peking Opera which became famous in the 1920s. They are Mei Lanfang, Shang Xiaoyun, Cheng and Xun Huisheng. Martial arts field "refers to percussion instruments in musical instruments."

Such as big gongs, small gongs, cymbals and drums in Beijing Opera. It used to refer to the percussionist "Wen Chang": it refers to all kinds of orchestral music played in musical instruments.

Such as the huqin, Heizi, Yueqin, flute and suona in Beijing Opera. In the past, it also referred to musicians and flute players who played these instruments.

7. Peking Opera knowledge

The Origin of Peking Opera Peking Opera is the quintessence of our country and one of the important operas popular in the whole country.

It has a history of more than 200 years. In the fifty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong (1790), four Huizhou Qupai clubs, Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, which were originally performing in the south, performed in Beijing one after another. They cooperated with Hubei Han Diao artists, influenced each other, accepted some plays, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Qinqiang Opera, and absorbed some folk tunes, and gradually merged and evolved into Beijing Opera.

Its music basically belongs to banqiang, and its singing is mainly based on Huizhou and Handiao watermelons, so it was called "Pihuang". In addition, there are Xipi's anti-tune (that is, "anti-Xipi"), Er Quan's anti-tune (that is, "anti-Er Quan") and Nanbangzi, Sipingdiao, Chuiqiang, Gaopaizi and Nangong.

The accompaniment instruments are mainly Jinghu, supplemented by Erhu, Yueqin and Sanxian. Some voices and music are accompanied by suona and flute.

Percussion instruments include Dan Pigu, Sandalwood, Gong, Xiao Gong, cymbals, drums and planetesimals. Beijing opera performance pays equal attention to singing, reading, doing and playing, often adopts virtual movements, attaches importance to the blending of scenes, and is full of sounds and emotions.

Since its birth, Peking Opera has had many names, such as "Random Play", "Spring Tune", "Beijing Spring", "Beijing Er Quan", "Er Quan", "Drama", "Pingju" (Beijing was once called Beiping), Peking Opera and so on. There are thousands of traditional operas in Beijing Opera, among which the popular Peking Opera such as Making Peace, Heroes Meeting, Empty City Plan, Drunken Maid, Sanchakou, Picking up Jade Bracelet and Fishing and Killing was formed about 1.50 years ago.

In the fifty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong (1790), the well-known Huizhou class "Sanqing Class" in the south of the Yangtze River went to Beijing to celebrate the 80th birthday of Qing Qianlong. Huizhou Opera Troupe refers to a troupe that performs Huizhou tunes or Huizhou operas, which was very popular in the south in the early Qing Dynasty.

Followed by many Huizhou classes, the most famous of which are Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, and they are called "four Huizhou classes". They have their own characteristics in performance, and Sanqing is good at performing the whole drama; Sixi is good at Kunqu opera; Children's Ling, mainly teenagers, in Chuntai; And the spring martial arts drama is outstanding.

After 1828, a group of China opera actors went to Beijing one after another. Han opera, also known as Chu tune, is now called Han opera. It is a local opera popular in Hubei, with Xipi and Huanger as the main voices, especially Xipi.

Because of the consanguineous relationship between Huizhou Opera and Han Opera in voice and performance, most of the actors of Han Opera participated in the cooperative performance of Huizhou Class after they came to Beijing, and some of them became the main actors of Huizhou Class, such as Yu Sansheng. Huang Er, high-beat, blowing, and four-level tones are the major tones of Huizhou. Occasionally, there are Xipi tune, Kunqu tune and Yi tune. Actors in the Han Dynasty played Xipi and Huang Er.

The two classes of Hui and Han cooperated and the two tunes merged. After a period of mutual integration and absorption, coupled with Beijing dialect, it constantly absorbed nutrition from Kunqu opera, Yi opera and Qin opera, and finally formed a new kind of drama-Beijing opera. The maturity and recognition of the first generation of Peking Opera actors is about 1840.

Peking Opera has had many names since its birth. There are: Luantan, Chundiao, Huang Jing, Jing Erhuang, Pi Huang (Pi Huang), Huang Er (Huang Er), Drama, Pingju, Old Opera, National Opera, Peking Opera and Peking Opera.

What are the characteristics of Beijing Opera music? The vocals of Beijing Opera belong to the plate-type variety, with Xipi and Chun Er as the main vocals. Xipi's melody fluctuates greatly, the rhythm is compact, and the singing is smooth and lively, which is suitable for expressing cheerful and determined emotions; Huang Er's melody is relatively stable, the rhythm is slow, and his singing is dignified and vigorous, which is more suitable for expressing depressed, sad and angry emotions.

Little knowledge of Chinese opera 1. Name the airplane donated by Chang Xiangyu, a famous performing artist during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea? A: The number of Yu Xiang Drama Club. 2. What is the music structure of Henan Opera? A: Plate cavity.

3. Please name the five famous Dan of Henan Opera and one of its representative plays? A: Chang Xiangyu, Matchmaker, Legend of White Snake, Mulan; Chen Suzhen, cosmic front, spring and autumn match; Cui Lantian, Taohua Temple, Qin Xianglian; Mu is in command, Huada Chao,; Yan Lipin, Qin Xuemei, the hidden boat. 4. Who was the first actor who won the plum blossom award in our province? Don Yu Ying.

5. What are the basic skills of China traditional opera? Answer: Sing, read, do, fight, hand, eye, body, method and step. 6. What are the martial arts gongs and drums in Beijing Opera? Answer: Four strokes, emergency wind, small four strokes, horse legs, strings and so on.

7. What's the name of the Henan opera Run Bianjing? Answer: Eight-style or embroidered shoes 8. What are the challenges in China's traditional operas? A: The hint given by the actor to the drummer before singing. 9. What is the business of "Kokura Wa" in "Roster"? What's your name again? A: the behavior is ugly; Also known as "three sides".

10. Who is the screenwriter of Mulan in Henan Opera? A: Chen * * *. For more details, please visit the following website.

8. A short story about national quintessence.

National quintessence-the story of chopsticks

When Dayu was managing water, he always felt that time was not enough.

One day, he came to an island and was hungry, so he set up a pot of cook the meat. When the meat is cooked, the broth is too hot to be grasped by hand. Dayu can't wait! He wants to control the water before the flood comes.

When he saw the bamboo forest around him, he had a brainwave, so he broke off two thin bamboo strips, took the cooked meat out of the soup pot and ate it.

From then on, in order to save time, Dayu always used thin bamboo to pick up vegetables from hot pot. This will save time for flood fighting and rescue.

His men saw him eat like this, neither hot nor greasy, so they imitated it one after another and spread all over China, forming chopsticks for eating.