Problems and countermeasures in maintenance management of construction machinery?

With the development of social economy, the construction industry has developed rapidly, and at the same time, construction machinery has also developed rapidly. At present, China's construction machinery can be divided into several categories, such as excavation machinery, concrete machinery, aerial work machinery, lifting machinery and so on. Most of these construction machinery belong to valuables, which can be reused after being properly kept, saving a lot of construction costs for construction enterprises. However, at present, China's construction enterprises still do not pay enough attention to the maintenance management of construction machinery, which makes some problems to be solved urgently.

1 current situation of maintenance management of construction machinery in China

The historical development of 1. 1

Although the construction machinery maintenance industry has developed with the development of the construction industry, in fact, the development of the construction machinery maintenance industry lags far behind the development of the construction industry. The lag in the development of construction machinery maintenance industry has caused a serious shortage of construction machinery maintenance management, which is mainly manifested in the lack of professional technicians for construction machinery maintenance. The maintenance technology and equipment of construction machinery maintenance personnel often do not match the development of construction machinery technology, and some advanced construction machinery equipment cannot be completely maintained. At the same time, China's current construction machinery maintenance industry has not been widely valued by the society. The construction machinery maintenance industry in most areas has been merged into the auto repair industry, and even in a few areas, there are no professional construction machinery maintenance personnel, which makes many construction machinery and equipment unable to get good maintenance management and affects the service life and quality of construction machinery and equipment.

1.2 The maintenance management system is unreasonable.

At present, the maintenance management system of construction machinery in China is mainly based on regular repair and preventive repair. At first glance, this construction machinery maintenance management system seems to be effective for the maintenance of construction machinery, but there are still some hidden dangers. Mainly manifested in: First, it is easy to cause waste and increase the construction cost of construction enterprises. In fact, some construction machinery failures are caused by excessive operation or the erosion of some components, so it is not necessary to implement comprehensive maintenance on a large scale. However, at present, the maintenance management system of construction machinery in China has taken this aspect into account, which is a great waste of manpower and financial resources. Secondly, the construction personnel's certificate of whether the construction machinery fails mainly comes from the operation records of the machinery. However, the normal operation of the machinery has a great relationship with the operation of the staff, and it is probably not the problem of the machinery itself [1]. This judgment method is unscientific, and it also makes the expected maintenance of construction machinery unnecessary. Thirdly, the regular maintenance of construction machinery maintenance management system invisibly increases the financial burden of construction units, which is not conducive to promoting the further development of construction enterprises; Fourthly, the maintenance management system of construction machinery implements unified maintenance for all construction machinery, and does not make different system provisions according to different types of machinery, which is not conducive to the maintenance management of special construction machinery and the maintenance effect is not good.

1.3 There is deviation in the consciousness of building managers.

Building managers' awareness of maintenance and management of construction machinery still needs to be strengthened. At present, most construction enterprises in China have not formulated strict rules and regulations for the maintenance management of construction machinery, and some enterprises have formulated relevant systems but have not strictly implemented them, resulting in the maintenance management of construction machinery floating on the surface [2]. In addition, the capital investment of construction enterprises in mechanical maintenance is still seriously insufficient, and the awareness of enterprise maintenance management is weak. Even in order to speed up the construction, faulty machinery is often used, which has a negative impact on the engineering quality and construction safety.

1.4 The maintenance technology cannot be guaranteed.

Construction machinery maintenance technology is the guarantee to improve the quality of construction machinery maintenance. However, the development history of construction machinery maintenance in China is short, and there are still serious deficiencies in maintenance theory and practice. It is difficult to improve the maintenance quality of construction machinery without mastering the maintenance technology of many modern construction machinery and equipment. In addition, the strong professionalism of construction machinery maintenance is also a major problem that limits the maintenance management of construction machinery [3]. In order to ensure the normal operation of construction machinery, some enterprises carry out professional training for their internal personnel to facilitate the detection of mechanical failures at any time during construction. Then the professionalism is too strong, which leads to the slow learning progress of personnel and can not effectively solve the problems in the use of machinery.

2. Measures to strengthen the maintenance management of construction machinery

2. 1 Improve the professional quality of technicians

Enterprises should carry out purposeful and planned professional training for technicians, combine the training of technicians with actual needs, and train professionals purposefully, which can effectively improve the pertinence of construction machinery maintenance, improve the self-confidence of professional technicians and promote their further development.

2.2 Adopt a more flexible maintenance management system

The traditional maintenance management system is too simple and not suitable for all construction machinery maintenance. The correct maintenance system of construction machinery should be more flexible and diverse: first, special maintenance methods should be adopted for special types of construction machinery, and prevention and maintenance should be strengthened for machinery with complex structure. On the contrary, machinery with simple structure can be mainly maintained after failure [4]. Due to the difficulty in maintenance of mechanical and electrical appliances with complex mechanism, the maintenance cost of machinery with simple structure is lower and the operation is easier; Secondly, for construction machinery with high risk factor, such as concrete machinery, prevention and maintenance must be combined; Finally, according to the analysis of the causes of mechanical failure, fault maintenance is carried out. This maintenance method can improve the effectiveness of maintenance and reduce the maintenance cost of enterprises.

2.3 the establishment of a national construction machinery maintenance network

Establishing a national construction machinery maintenance network can provide important technical support for enterprise construction, reduce the situation that enterprises can't maintain machinery in time due to construction site restrictions, and improve the safety and engineering quality of enterprise construction, which is a major measure to contribute to the national construction cause [5]. Therefore, the establishment of the national construction machinery maintenance network needs the support and guidance of the government. The government can take necessary administrative measures and guide technicians to join the establishment of national construction machinery maintenance outlets through preferential policies to provide more convenient services for construction enterprises.

To sum up, there are some problems in the maintenance management of construction machinery in China due to historical factors, mainly including unreasonable maintenance management system, deviation of construction managers' consciousness and inadequate maintenance technical support. It is necessary to improve the professional quality of technicians, adopt a more flexible maintenance management system, and set up construction machinery maintenance outlets nationwide, so as to improve the maintenance management level of construction machinery in China and promote the further development of the construction industry.

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