What are the problems in the present situation of modern urban sculpture?

What are the problems in the present situation of modern urban sculpture? The following Zhong Da consulting bidding teacher will answer it for your reference.

A city is a huge complex integrating economy, culture, humanities, landscape and customs. With the rapid development of modernization, it is urgent to transform and integrate urban functions, especially to reshape urban image, which makes urban landscape image design particularly important. Urban landscape image is a comprehensive spatial artistic expression of a city's social and cultural atmosphere, physical space and its operating mechanism [1]. It covers a wide range, including architecture, greening, urban space, urban roads, pavements, urban public facilities, urban sculptures and urban colors. Urban sculpture is one of the important elements, which can not only beautify and decorate the environmental landscape, but also convey irreplaceable information from other artistic elements. So many city sculptures have sprung up. Sculptures at important traffic intersections in cities can play a good role in traffic guidance and city landmarks. Square sculpture can give people the enjoyment of beauty and cultivate sentiment imperceptibly. Sculptures in residential areas can improve residents' sense of territory and their sense of "home". Sculptures in commercial streets can add relaxed and pleasant tastes to citizens and even promote consumption. Therefore, the importance of urban sculpture in urban construction can not be ignored. If the city is a book, then the city sculpture is a beautiful illustration in this book. Good illustrations can add color to a book. An excellent city sculpture often becomes a symbol of a country, a city and a culture of the times. It not only serves the present, but also leaves an indelible image memory for the future. For example, the Arc de Triomphe in Charles de Gaulle Square, France, has an exciting and inspiring Marcel relief on the door; The relief on the Monument to the People's Heroes in Tiananmen Square in China shows the historical picture of China people overthrowing the old society and establishing a new China. Urban sculpture is a symbol of urban quality, a picture scroll that records urban history, a finishing touch in urban landscape, a link of people's life interaction, a symbol of urban guiding function, a spatial supplement of architecture and environment, and a window of the city. However, with the rapid development of urban construction today, urban sculpture has played a positive role in beautifying the urban environment and pleasing residents' mood, and at the same time, some problems have appeared, which have brought negative effects on the urban environment. This paper analyzes some problems found in the present situation of modern urban sculpture, which has certain practical significance for correctly guiding the construction of urban sculpture and avoiding repeated construction and waste of resources. According to all kinds of data collection and investigation, it is found that there are the following problems in the present situation of modern urban sculpture: 1, the conflict between sculpture form and sculpture content. The form of artistic works is the way of existence of works. It contains two closely related aspects: first, the internal structure of the content, that is, the content connection and organization of various elements or parts of the theme; One is the appearance of the image, that is, the style that the image presents to the senses, or the composition of the material means conveyed by the artistic works. The content and form of a work of art are two concepts that contain each other, and the dialectical relationship between them is: "The content itself contains the form. There is no formless content, and there is no form without content. The content and form are both contradictory and completely consistent. " In a successful and perfect work of art, the relationship between form and content is completely unified and cannot be changed at will. When we evaluate the quality of a work of art, we often call it a masterpiece by the perfect combination of its content and form. Sculpture is no exception. 2. The content of the sculpture conflicts with the theme of the environment. Urban sculpture art is a three-dimensional space art and visual art, and it is an integral part of the architectural environment. Any architectural sketch environment should be unified with the architectural environment. In the surrounding environment of traditional architecture, its sculpture works should have the form of traditional art; In the surrounding environment of modern architecture, its sculpture should have modern style. Only in this way can the environment and art be coordinated into a whole. The development of architectural art and sculpture art is closely linked. Sculpture art and architectural art influence and penetrate each other in form, style, space, environment and culture. Therefore, architectural sculptures in the same environmental space should be harmonious and unified in style. In other words, sculpture, architecture and the surrounding environment should be coordinated and unified. The appearance of any sculpture in the environment must have an overall connection and echo with the environment in artistic form. Otherwise, it will lead to the conflict between sculpture works and environmental space forms. 3. The volume of the sculpture conflicts with the environmental space. People are the main body of urban landscape environment. How to make the urban sculpture occupying a certain space position in the environmental landscape give people a harmonious and comfortable feeling on the scale, and let people have a pleasant psychological experience in the aesthetic process of sculpture, which requires a correct proportional relationship between sculpture and the space on the environmental scale. Sculptures with too large or too small environmental space can't give people the most pleasant psychological experience. Then, what is the ratio between sculpture space and environmental space, so that sculpture can give people the best aesthetic angle in environmental space? According to the correct ratio of human sight distance to visual field, the sculpture height (h) and the distance from human viewpoint to sculpture (s) should satisfy the following relationship: 2H≤S≤3H (as shown in figure 1) is harmonious. The so-called coordination is to meet people's psychological needs of natural viewing. 4. Functional conflict If the setting of urban sculpture affects the function of the original environmental space, then the sculpture has a functional conflict with the environment. The functions of environmental space mainly include: traffic function, guidance function, restriction function and so on. No matter how each sculpture in the city embodies its artistic effect, it can't affect the function of environmental space. For example, in an urban community, a sculpture stands at the door of the community (Figure 2), which hinders the smooth flow of fire lanes in this area. Unit plane (see Figure 3). As can be seen from the plan, the clear width of the fire escape is only 2.4m, and it is blocked by the balcony overhang 1.2m and the height is 3m. Article 6.0.9 of the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings (GBJ16-87) (revised in 2005) stipulates that when there are obstacles such as pipe racks and trestles above the road, the width of the fire escape should not be less than 3.5m and the clear height should not be less than 3.5m.. Sculptures in the community have affected the normal functions of fire fighting and traffic in the space, resulting in unsafe hidden dangers in the community, which should be adjusted or removed in time. Every sculpture has the function of defining its inherent space through the size of space. This is the limited function of sculpture. The space defined by sculpture cannot intersect with other functional spaces, such as traffic functions. Otherwise, sculpture will affect the normal use of other space functions. 5. Cities with cultural conflicts are the most beautiful, advanced, complicated and profound products created by human beings. Because of its unique nature (mountain water system climate) and urban landscape (streets, communities, parks, green spaces, etc.). ), the humanistic and historical background, has formed its unique urban culture. People shape the living environment and form cities with different cultural characteristics, and cities shape the quality of urban residents with their unique culture. As one of the elements of urban environment, urban sculpture should naturally respect the characteristics of urban culture. "Urban sculpture landscape should reflect the brand of the city's specific culture, society and philosophy. Therefore, urban sculpture is not only a simple design phenomenon, but also a cultural phenomenon and a mapping of people's spiritual needs. The cultural content contained in urban sculpture should be unified with urban cultural characteristics. 6. Poor materials and rough production Since the reform and opening up, a considerable number of urban sculptures have been established in China, and the number of urban sculptures in the country has surged. Most of these urban sculptures have played a positive role in decorating the city and beautifying the environment. However, there are also many urban sculptures that have some negative effects on the environment because of poor materials and rough production. For example, Qi Baishi's group sculpture in a square shows that the theme is the glorious and extraordinary life of the old man Baishi, which provides a place for future generations to understand and commemorate this great artist. This work won the Excellent Works Award in the Third National Exhibition of Urban Sculpture Construction Achievements. However, FRP, which is not suitable for outdoor use, is prone to aging and cracking, and its surface is covered with gypsum layer. This group of sculptures aged and cracked soon after completion (Figure 4). In view of this situation, Qi Baishi's group sculptures were demolished two years later and rebuilt with granite (Figure 5). Qi Baishi's group sculptures, which won the prize in the National Exhibition of Urban Sculpture Achievements, have caused a waste of resources from completion to demolition and reconstruction, which is enough for sculpture builders to deeply reflect. 7. Shallow creativity In recent years, the pace of urban sculpture construction has been accelerating, but while pursuing efficiency, there have also been some sculptures with shallow creativity. Urban sculpture should express its unique artistic form and pursue its cultural connotation. Sculpture creation without ideological depth can only be shallow creativity. At present, another problem worthy of reflection is that with the development of market economy, urban sculpture has been dominated by the market for many years, and the creation of sculptors is mostly limited by slogan theme, time and other conditions, which affects the in-depth development of sculpture creation. Therefore, in order to avoid the appearance of urban sculpture with shallow creativity, we should pay attention to two aspects: one is the improvement of the sculptor's own artistic level, and the other is that the construction of urban sculpture cannot be affected by the market. 8.2 1 century is the information age. As long as people sit in front of the computer, they can learn about the excellent sculptures in many foreign cities. This makes Chinese people see and realize the huge gap between our urban sculpture construction and foreign countries, especially developed countries. So some sculptors began to learn from foreign advanced experience and create some sculptures with western style. The combination of western culture and China traditional culture, the problem of inheritance and development should be handled reasonably. What does the abstract sculpture created bring to our life in the environment? It needs our architects to study, explore and treat it seriously. Regardless of the urban cultural background, it is unrealistic to blindly imitate and copy excellent foreign sculptures, as shown in Figures 6 and 7. 9. Urban sculpture lacks maintenance and management. Urban sculpture is an elegant art to dress up the city. In addition to the content, materials, spatial scale and surrounding environment, it should have its integrity and aesthetics in appearance. Because urban sculptures are placed in the open air all the year round, this means that urban sculptures have to face wind and rain, sun and rain. After a long time, urban sculpture will lose its glamorous appearance and gradually lose its aesthetic feeling. In addition, because some citizens' cultural taste is not high and their moral consciousness is not strong enough, their climbing and trampling behavior will damage urban sculpture; What's more, it deliberately damaged the urban sculpture, making it lose its integrity (Figure 8). Others run small businesses on the edge of urban sculptures at traffic intersections, posting advertisements and writing telephone numbers on conspicuous urban sculptures (Figure 9), which affects the appreciation of urban sculptures, destroys the artistic atmosphere of sculptures and pollutes the sculptures and their surrounding environment. At present, urban public art represented by urban sculpture has entered a stage of rapid development. In order to realize the healthy and orderly development of urban sculpture, it is necessary to make urban sculpture planning. At the same time, the construction of urban sculpture must rely on excellent urban sculpture design, scientific decision-making by government departments and sufficient sources of funds. In view of the causes of sculpture problems, the following remediation schemes can be adopted: 1. Organizing the Urban Sculpture Committee; 2. Unified planning of sculpture creation and urban construction; 3. Dismantle low-quality sculptures; 4. Strengthen the maintenance and management of urban sculpture; 5. Urban sculpture construction from the perspective of sustainable development.

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