What is the culture of Sichuan

Sichuan Province, referred to as "Sichuan" or "Shu", the provincial capital of Chengdu, is located in the southwest of China, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, to the two Song Dynasty, Yi, Zi, Li, Kui, "Sichuan Gorge Four Roads" referred to and named, the province covers a total area of 485,000 square kilometers, and the province has a total area of 480,000 square kilometers. The province covers a total area of more than 485,000 square kilometers. The Tibetan Plateau in the west, the Three Gorges in the east, overlapping peaks, the northern Bashan Qinling barrier, south of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the formation of the world-famous Sichuan Basin. Sichuan is a large and varied country with a long history, and has been known as the "Land of Heaven" since ancient times.

Sichuan is composed of four cultural zones, namely, Ba Culture Zone

Ba, Shu, Tho, and Jiejun ancestors established a slave state, Xi Semi, on the Jialing and Bailong River plateau during the Western Zhou Dynasty, which was the home of Guba in the Spring and Autumn Period.

In recent years, more and more relics of the Ba people have been discovered in Bazhong, proving that the area is a Ba cultural zone, and the name "Ba" in Bazhong proves that it is inseparable from Ba.

Langzhong City, a county-level city under Nanchong, was briefly the capital of Ba, but later, because it was connected to the Shu vassal state of Tho in the Guangyuan area, the capital of Ba was quickly relocated out of the city for security reasons.

Guangyuan has always been the Ba and Shu state of contention, although the Shu state in the Guangyuan area established the marquisate "Tho", but "Tho" state is mainly composed of the composition of the Ba ethnic group, and therefore for the Ba cultural area.

Bazhong in recent years, the construction of the Ba People's Square, is to rely on the rich local Ba culture. The remains of the Ba state at Luojiaba in Xuanhan, Dazhou city, prove that Dazhou is one of the important birthplaces of Ba culture.

Guangan, surrounded by Nanchong and Chongqing, is naturally a Ba cultural area.

According to the Shang Dynasty's "Dictionary", the boundary of Ba-Shu is now Guangyuan, Zizhong and Muchuan, so Zizhong and Muchuan are Ba culture area, and it is also recorded that the Ba State area is distributed in the current Jialing River basin, the lower Min River, the lower Tuo River, and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, therefore, Yibin and Luzhou are Ba culture area.

Shu Culture Zone

Chengdu, capital of the State of Shu (221-263) during the Three Kingdoms period.

The Qingyi Qiang state around Ya'an and Leshan was a part of the Shu civilization, which was later merged by the Shu state.

The area around Zigong was a salt-producing area of Shu, and salt made the area around Zigong and Neijiang the "private land" and fertile land of Shu. Deyang "Sanxingdui" is an important civilization area of Shu.

Neijiang is rich in sugar cane, so it is referred to as "Sweet City", which is the birthplace of "sugar" culture in Shu culture; it is also the hometown of painting and calligraphy, culture, world-renowned master of Chinese painting, Zhang Daqian, and the news giant Fan Changjiang, etc. are also Neijiang people.

Panxi Cultural Area

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Panzhihua is a Yi cultural area, Panzhihua is now the majority of the Han Chinese population, but the area has always been an important area of Yi culture.

The Western Sichuan Plateau Cultural Region

Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture are rich in Tibetan culture and partly in Qiang culture.

Ethnic Culture

●Overview

Located in southwestern China, Sichuan is a large, multi-ethnic province with 55 ethnic minorities, of which the 14 hereditary minorities are, in order of population in the province, the Yi, Tibetans, Qiangs, Hmongs, Hui, Mongols, Tujia, Lisu, Manchus, Naxi, Buyi, Bai, Zhuang and Dai. According to the fifth national census in 2000, the population of ethnic minorities in Sichuan was 4.15 million. Three autonomous prefectures, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, have been established. Ethnic minorities live mainly in the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, and in the autonomous counties of Mugui, Mabian Yi, Ebian Yi and Beichuan Qiang. The ethnic areas of Sichuan are vast, covering an area of 302,100 square kilometers, accounting for 60.14% of the total area of the province. The Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture has a Yi population of 1.81 million, the largest Yi settlement in the country; a Tibetan population of 1.22 million, the second largest Tibetan area in the country; and a Qiang population of 300,000, the only Qiang settlement in the country. In addition, there are 18 cities in the province that are ethnic minority diaspora areas. at the end of 2006, the population of ethnic minorities in diaspora amounted to more than 800,000, where there are six counties (districts) and 92 ethnic townships enjoying ethnic area treatment.

The Yi are the most numerous ethnic minority in Sichuan, living mainly in the Liangshan Mountains and the Anning River basin. The Yi are an ancient and culturally unique people, men, women, children and young people like to wear a sheepskin felt, commonly known as "rubbing ears". The Yi have their own language, writing system and calendar. The 24th day of the 6th lunar month is the greatest festival of the Yi people - the Torch Festival.

●National Languages

Among the 14 hereditary ethnic minorities, all except the Hui use their own languages. Among the Tibetans, 95% of the population speak Tibetan and Gyalong, and about 40% of them speak Chinese as well. The Yi language is spoken by 95% of the population, and about 60% of them are fluent in Chinese. Among the Qiang population, 70% speak Qiang and 70% of them also speak Chinese. The languages of the various ethnic groups in Sichuan have a long history, and the scripts of the Tibetan and Yi languages have the longest history. The Tibetans now use the traditional Tibetan script; the Yi use the standardized Yi script, which was approved by the State Council and improved on the basis of the traditional Yi script; the Qiang do not have a traditional script, but are now trying out the pinyin script created in the 1950s and perfected in the 1980s; and the Miao are trying out the pinyin script created in the 1950s.

As for the development of normative standards, in 1988-1989, the Sichuan Provincial People's Committee and the People's Language Committee organized the Southwest Institute for Nationalities and other units to develop two standards, namely, "Coded Character Sets of Yi for Information Exchange" and "15×16 Dot Matrix Character Models and Data Sets of Yi for Information Exchange," and then developed the standard of "24×24 Dot Matrix Character Models and Data Sets of Yi for Information Exchange" in 1995, and the State Bureau of Technical Supervision approved the promulgation and implementation of the standard. The State Bureau of Technical Supervision has successively approved the promulgation and implementation of these three standards. The Yi Language Association of Sichuan Province and the Central Bureau of Ethnic Translation completed the development of the "Coded Character Set in Yi for Information Exchange" in 1989, which has basically passed the discussion and voting of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and is about to become an international standard. Meanwhile, it has also prepared and published the Tibetan-Chinese Dictionary, the Chinese-Yi Dictionary, the Yi Dictionary and other tools.

Local Arts

Sichuan Opera has a lively form, with a variety of tunes, easy-to-understand, witty language, diversified performance programs, and some stunts such as face-changing, whirling dances, and fire-breathing, which have a strong artistic effect. Sichuan Yangqin and Sichuan Qingyin are the main forms of opera. Xiangshu is performed by one person behind the mantle, and can simulate various voices in an exquisite way. Harmonized drama is a harmonious play, reflecting the reality of life in a timely manner.

Face-changing is a kind of stunt used in the art of Chuanju opera to portray characters. It is a kind of romanticism that reveals the inner thoughts and feelings of the characters in the drama