Who knows China's top ten famous songs?

1, high mountains and flowing water

It is said that Boya, a pianist in the pre-Qin period, once played the piano on a barren land, but Zhong Ziqi, a woodcutter, can understand that this is a description of "ambition in the mountains" and "running water with ambition". Boya was surprised and said, "Well, my son's heart is with me." After the death of the hippo chef, Boya lost her bosom friend, her piano broke and she didn't exercise for life, so there was a song of mountains and flowing water.

Introduction to music:

"Mountain Flowing Water" takes "Boya Guqin meets a bosom friend" as the main line, and there are many kinds of Le Shu. There are two kinds of Qin music and Zheng music, both of which have the same name and different styles.

Guqin music During the Warring States Period, there was a story of Qin Le about high mountains and flowing water, so it was also said that "high mountains and flowing water" was written by Boya. The music score was first seen in The Secret Music of the Ming Dynasty (written by Zhu Quan at 1425). The solution of this score is: "Mountain Flowing Water is two songs, but there is only one. The first ambition is to care about mountains and rivers, saying that benevolent people are Leshan. The ambition of the future is to care about running water, which means that the wise are happy with water. The Tang dynasty is divided into two songs, regardless of section. The highest mountain is divided into four sections and eight sections of flowing water. " For more than 2,000 years, two famous guqin songs, Mountain and Running Water, together with the story of Boya guqin meeting a bosom friend, have been widely circulated among the people.

With the development of Qin's performing arts since Ming and Qing Dynasties, "mountain" and "water" have undergone great changes. The legendary secret score is not segmented, but later the piano score is segmented. Among the numerous music scores since Ming and Qing Dynasties, Running Water, which was adapted by Zhang Kongshan, a pianist of Sichuan School, was included in Tian Wen Song Score (1876) compiled by Tang Dynasty in Qing Dynasty. The sixth paragraph of the technique of "rolling, brushing, dialing and noting", also known as "seventy-two rolling and brushing water", is widely used because of its vivid image and blending of scenes. According to the research of Qin family, before Tian Wenqin's Song Score was published, there was no sixth paragraph played by Zhang Kongshan in all Qin Scores, and the whole song had only eight paragraphs, which was consistent with the solution of the Magic Secret Manual. However, the biography of Zhang Kongshan was increased to nine paragraphs, and then the Qin family followed suit.

There is also a guzheng song "Mountain Stream and Running Water", the music is quite different from piano music, and it is also based on "Boya Guqin meets a bosom friend". There are many genres of music books. The most widely circulated and influential is the Biography of Zhejiang Wulin School, with elegant melody and meaningful charm, which has the appearance of "majestic mountains and flowing water".

Shan Dong School's "Mountain Flowing Water" is an ensemble of four ditties, namely, Qin Yun, the wind shaking the bamboo, the bell ringing at night and the rhyme of the book, also known as four paragraphs and four paragraphs of brocade.

The Mountain Flowing Water of Henan School is based on the folk song Old Liu Ban, with a fresh and lively rhythm. Folk artists often play when they meet for the first time to show respect and make friends. These three songs have nothing in common with the guqin song "Mountain Flowing Water". They are all different songs with the same name and completely different styles.

2. Guangling Sanqin Music

According to Cao Qin, during the Warring States Period, Nie Zheng's father cast a sword for korean king and was killed because he postponed the date. Nie Zheng was determined to avenge his father. He went to the mountains to learn piano for ten years and became a stuntman, which made him famous in South Korea. Korean king called him to the palace to play, and Nie Zheng finally realized his long-cherished wish to assassinate korean king. He died disfigured. According to this story, later generations composed it into piano music, which was impassioned and magnificent, and was one of the famous guqin music.

Introduction to music:

Two historical stories of Guangling San.

The spread of guangling powder. & gt& gt

Guangling San: Guqin music. Also known as "Stop Guangling", in Historical Records of Warring States Policy, it is recorded that South Korean Minister Yan Zhongzi had an enemy with Prime Minister Xia Lei, and Nie Zheng made friends with Yan Zhongzi to assassinate Han Xiang for Yan Zhongzi, which reflected a feeling of "a scholar died for a confidant". This is a common view, and the title of this song in the magic secret score comes from this story.

The Cao Qin written by Cai Yong in the Eastern Han Dynasty tells a historical story related to the Song Dynasty: Nie Zheng was a Korean in the Warring States Period, and his father was killed by the Korean king for casting a sword. Nie Zheng failed to avenge his father's assassination, but he was disfigured and went to the mountains to learn the piano 10 for many years. When I returned to Korea with my stunt, I didn't know anyone. So, while looking for an opportunity to enter the palace to play the piano for the South Korean king, he drew a dagger from the belly of the piano and stabbed the South Korean king to death. Of course, he himself died heroically. Modern pianists admit that this song originated from the HeJian Zaqu in the series.

3. Wild geese fall in Pingsha

In the Ming Dynasty, this song was called "Wild Goose and Flat Sand". The melody is melodious and smooth, describing the scene where geese hover in the sky and then land through the swaying geese.

Introduction to music:

Pingsha Wild Goose is a guqin music with many kinds of music. Its original intention is to write a literati's mental journey through the eyes of a big owl.

Wild Goose in Pingsha: Guqin Song, which was first published in Gu Yin in Ming Dynasty (1634), also known as Wild Goose in Pingsha. Since it came out, more than 50 kinds of music collections have been published, and there are many music genres. Only 1962 published the first collection of guqin music, which included the scores of six musicians. The author of this piece of music is Chen Li 'ang of the Tang Dynasty. What Mao Minzhong and Tian Zhiweng said in the Song Dynasty was also said by Zhu Quan in the Ming Dynasty. Because there is no reliable historical data, it is difficult to prove who wrote it.

There are different solutions to the meaning of "Pingsha Wild Goose" and various musical scores. The song "Authentic Ancient Sound" said: "Take autumn as an example. Autumn is crisp, calm, sandy and calm, with clouds in Cheng Wanli and sky flying. Write Yi Shi's heart from the perspective of Honghu Lake. ..... the perfect rhythm of three ups and downs. The first play is like the guest of the swan goose. The sky is very ethereal, and the geese are in harmony, hidden and obvious, if they come. It wants to fall, look around and hover in the air; Will also fall. The sound of breathing tilted and swept three times around the mainland. It's down. It needs another one. It's just right to fly around and sleep in groups of three or five: mother and son can give in and taste it. " This description of the nature of geese is extremely profound and vivid. The whole song is euphemistic and smooth, meaningful and fresh.

Step 4 ambush on all sides

The song describes the scene of the final decisive battle of the submarine Chu-Han war in 202 BC. Xiang Yu killed himself in Wujiang River, and Liu Bang won.

Introduction to music:

House of Flying Daggers is a famous pipa tradition Wu Qu, whose predecessor was Chu and Han in Ming Dynasty.

House of flying daggers: Wu Qu, a famous pipa tradition. It depicts the scene of the battle between Chu and Han, which is very story-telling.

The music score was first seen in the Pipa Story in the 23rd year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18 18). Before this score, only Chu and Han painted the same theme.

In Wang Youding's Biography of the Pipa in the Tang Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, there was a scene in which Tang Ying, then known as the Pipa in the Tang Dynasty, played Chu and Han: "The two armies fought a decisive battle, and the sky shook and the roof fell. Xu and examine it, there are golden sounds, drums, swords and crossbows, horses and chariots, all silent. Those who have accumulated grievances for a long time are Chu ci; Sad and strong, send other voices for the generous voice of Wang Xiang's elegy. Trapped in osawa, there is the sound of chasing horses. When I arrive in Wujiang River, there is the sound of the king's throat. I ride a horse to fight for a Wang Sheng. Let the listener get excited at first, then be afraid, and finally cry. " From this description, we can see that the plot and theme of Tang Ying's "Chu Han and House of Flying Daggers" are the same, which shows that this song has been circulated among the people as early as16th century.

Chu and Han dynasties were popular around Jiajing and Wanli in Ming Dynasty, and were deeply loved by pipa players.

Since the publication of Pipa Music edited by Hua in A.D. 18 18, every collection of Pipa Music has included ten faces. Segments and segment titles are different for each version:

"Fahrenheit Spectrum" is called "Ten Faces", which was handed down by Wang Junxi in Zhili, with thirteen paragraphs;

The name of "Pu" is "Huaiyin Pingchu", which was written by Zi in Sui, Qin and Han Dynasties. Zhou Jinshan Ruiqing Hou Qing School, where there are eighteen subjects;

Zheng Yang Xuanpu is called ten faces, one is Huaiyin Pingchu, the eighteenth section;

"Yingzhou Ancient Carving" is called "House of Flying Daggers", with ten paragraphs.

5, fishing salary question and answer

This song shows the pleasure of firewood in green mountains and green waters.

Introduction to music:

The fisherman's question and answer is a famous guqin music that has been circulated for hundreds of years, reflecting a hermit's longing for the life of fishing firewood and hoping to get rid of the fetters of secular affairs. The music is vivid and accurate.

Yuqiao Q&A: Guqin music, the music score was first seen in "Continued Music in the Taiyin Village of Xingzhuang" (1560 written by Xiao Luan in Ming Dynasty): "The ancient and modern prosperity is like a palm, and the mountains and green waters are solid. After a thousand years of gains and losses, this is just a word. "This song reflects a hermit's longing for the life of fishing firewood, hoping to get rid of the fetters of secular affairs. The music is vivid and accurate.

Yuqiao Q&A is a famous song that has been circulated for hundreds of years. There are many kinds of Le Shu now. "Qin Xue Jin Chu" cloud this song: "The meaning of the song is deep and long, and the expression is free and easy, but the towering mountains, the magnificent water, the tinkling of the axe and the sigh of the sound are looming between the fingers." Music has been widely circulated among musicians in recent hundreds of years because of its accurate and vivid image.

At the beginning of the music, the tune is carefree, showing a kind of elegant and free style, and the echo of the upper and lower sentences arouses Yu Qiao's interest in answering. The change and development of theme tones, the continuous addition of new tones, and the use of scrolling techniques reach a climax in paragraph 7. Describe a hermit's uninhibited situation. Among them, the strong sound produced by the technique of throwing three bullets should be coordinated with the rhythm of segmentation, so that people can feel the towering mountains and the sound of the woodcutter beating drums and axes. The theme tone presented at the end of 1 paragraph is repeatedly changed in the whole song, which leaves a deep impression on people.

6. Sunset flute and drum

This is a lyrical and freehand music. Around 1925, Shanghai Datong Music Club adapted the silk and bamboo music "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" according to the classics.

Introduction to music:

The Sunset Flute and Drum is a famous pipa tradition Wen Qu that has been circulating for a long time in Ming and Qing Dynasties. 1925, Liu and Liu of Shanghai Datong Music Association were first adapted into bamboo slips ensemble.

Sunset flute and drum: This is a famous traditional pipa Wen Qu, which has been circulated for a long time in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The music score was first seen in the manuscripts of Ju Shilin (1820 years ago) and Wu (1875), when 1895 compiled the New Pipa Score of the Thirteen Schools of North and South.

1929, when Shen Haochu compiled Yang Zhengxuan Pipa Music, he named it Sunset Flute and Drum. 1925, Liu and Liu of Shanghai Datong Music Association adapted this piece into a bamboo and silk ensemble, and renamed it "Moonlit Night on the Spring River" according to Pipa.

Quanqu is the most common multi-voice structure in national instrumental music. Peng Xiuwen, the conductor of the National Orchestra of the Central Broadcasting Orchestra and a master of folk music, handled this song artistically and delicately. He made full use of the rich instrumental colors of the big band, skillfully arranged, and the musical instruments increased and decreased, making the sound of the band rich in high and low, strong and weak, light and heavy, and the thickness changed, and the layers were distinct. In music performance, it not only carries forward the elegant style of classical rhyme, but also makes music full of inner passion, emotion and vitality.

Yin Biao, a classical guitarist from China, adapted this piece into a guitar solo "Xunyang jathyapple", and 1988 won the classical guitar championship in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao. Li Haiying arranged it for a piano solo. Liu Zhuang adapted for Mori official quintet, and Chen Peixun adapted for symphony.

7. Autumn Moon in Han Palace

It is intended to show the bitterness and sadness of the oppressed maids in ancient times and arouse people's sympathy for their unfortunate experiences.

Introduction to music:

Autumn Moon in Han Palace was originally a pipa of Chongming School, and now it has a variety of music scores and playing forms. Music shows the sadness of ancient ladies and a helpless, lonely and indifferent artistic conception of life.

Autumn Moon in Han Palace was originally a pipa of Chongming School. Now there are many kinds in Le Shu, which have evolved from one instrument to different ones, and have been recreated through their own artistic means to create different musical images. This is a common situation in the circulation of folk instrumental music. The popular forms of Autumn Moon in Han Palace are erhu, pipa, Zheng Qu and Jiangnan Sizhu. It mainly shows the sad mood of ancient ladies-in-waiting and a helpless and lonely life artistic conception.

Erhu "Autumn Moon in the Han Palace": The first paragraph of the pipa of the same name of Chongming School was transplanted to Guangdong Xiaoqu, played by Yuehu, also known as "San Tan Yin Yue". Around 1929, Liu Tianhua recorded the music score of Autumn Moon, a Cantonese opera in Hangong, and played erhu (with only one hand).

Jiang Fengzhi arranged and played Autumn Moon in the Han Palace. In order to avoid the influence of too long space on the performance, the song was greatly abridged. Its speed is slow, the bow is exquisite and changeable, there are often short pauses and pauses in the melody, and the music is intermittent. In addition, the soft timbre of erhu, the use of three tones and the frequent occurrence of characteristic tone changes show the sad mood of the maids, which is very infectious.

Autumn Moon in Han Palace, Silk and Bamboo in the South of the Yangtze River: Originally "B Tone" (A Palace), Sun Yude handed down from generation to generation. It turns out that Shen Qichang's Yingzhou Ancient Tune (edited by 19 16) is "Gong Zheng Tune (G Palace)" for the ensemble of Sizhu Wen Qu. Pipa still uses the method of "b" to tune the strings, which reduces the two-year tune and expresses the delicate and far-reaching sadness and anguish of ancient maids. The middle part uses the length of the orchestration, and each voice plays an interactive role and complements each other, giving people pursuit and yearning. Finally, all the musical instruments are played in adagio, showing the scene that the sky and the bright moon are gradually sinking in the west and the earth is silent.

Pipa Autumn Moon in Han Palace: also known as Sui Chen. Writing lonely harem in the image of singing and dancing is more about clearing resentment and depression, and there are different biographies. At present, Wu (1847- 1926) in Wuxi usually reports it, but Liu Dehai has added many fingering of timbre change and intention diffusion, which is full of emotion and appeal.

8. Meihuasan Lane

Introduction to music:

"Three Lane of Plum Blossoms" is a guqin song, adapted from a flute.

The whole song shows the noble character of Bai Meihua Aoxueshuang.

Meihua Sannong: Guqin Music. Also known as Introduction of Plum Blossom and Introduction of Jade Princess, it is a masterpiece of plum blossom in China traditional art, and Magic Secret Music records that this song was first played by Huan Yi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Bao Zhao in the Southern Song Dynasty (about 4 14 ~ 466) Guo Maoqian's Poems of Yuefu, Volume 24, Plum Blossom Falls, said that "Plum Blossom Falls are also made on flutes" and that "its sound still exists today". In today's Tang poetry, there are also many descriptions of the flute "Plum Blossom Fall", which shows that the flute "Plum Blossom Fall" was more popular between the Southern Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty.

The music content of Three Lane of Plum Blossoms has been introduced in all previous dynasties, and the flute music Plum Blossom Fall from the Southern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty mostly expresses the feelings of resentment and parting.

The piano music "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is characterized by plum blossom's arrogance, coldness, noble, unyielding moral integrity and temperament. "Huan Yi played the flute, played the plum blossom tune, and was superb, and later generations entered the piano." "Mei is the clearest flower, Qin is the clearest sound, and writing the clearest thing with the clearest sound should have the charm of ling frost." "Three strokes mean taking three overtones, which are different on the same string." As can be seen from here, it was first a flute music, and then it was adapted into a guqin music (it is difficult to determine who the author is).

The music used in today's performance is composed by Qin and flute of "Qin Qu Harmony" of Yushan School (edited by Qing Xianzu and engraved on 1820), with regular rhythm and suitable for ensemble. In the late Guangling school, the Jiaoan musical score (Qin Huai Han Ji in Qing Dynasty, published in 1868) has a relatively free rhythm, and the mode before the end of the song is refreshing.

Structurally, this song adopts the method of circular reproduction, repeating the whole theme three times, and each repetition adopts the overtone playing method, so it is called "agriculture, countryside and farmers". It embodies the noble character of Bai Meihua Aoxue Frost. 1972, Wang Jianzhong adapted it for the piano, and the tone was taken from it, playing Mao Zedong's Yongmei.

The overtone tune in the song is repeated three times in different emblem positions, so it is called "agriculture, countryside and farmers". According to legend, he wrote the flute "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms", which was later changed to a piano piece. Music praises the tenacious character of plum blossom in the wind without fear of frost and snow with noble sentiments.

9, Yangchun Baixue

According to legend, it was written by Liu of Jin State or Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period. "Yangchun" means that everything knows spring, and the wind is refreshing. "Snow" means cleanliness and beauty.

Introduction to music:

Chun Xue is a pipa suite composed of several variants of the folk instrumental instrument "Eight Plates" (or "Six Plates").

Yangchun Baixue: A Pipa Suite composed of several variants of folk instrumental music "Eight Plates" (or "Six Plates"). The variation cycle of "Eight Bantou" reappears, the variation of "Eight Bantou" is combined into a variation relationship, and then the new material of "A hundred birds flock to the phoenix" is inserted, so it is a variation structure with cyclic factors.

There are two different versions of Yangchun Baixue, namely "Dayangchun" and "Xiaoyangchun". Da Yangchun refers to ten and twelve pieces of music edited by Li Fangyuan and Shen Haochu. Xiaoyangchun is a biography of Wang Yuting, also known as Allegro Yangchun, which is widely circulated. What is introduced here is Xiaoyangchun.

10, Hu Jia 18 beat

There was chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty, and it was a bonfire year after year. Captured by the Hungarian Empire and exiled to the Great Wall, he later married Zuo and gave birth to two children. She spent twelve spring and autumn years outside the Great Wall, but she missed her hometown all the time. Cao Cao pacified the Central Plains, made peace with Xiongnu, and sent evil messengers to redeem Moon Hee with a large sum of money, so he wrote the famous long poem "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia", describing her life's misfortunes. Qin Ge has big Hu Jia, small Hu Jia, Hu Jia eighteen beats and other versions. Although the tunes are different, they all reflect the extremely contradictory and painful feelings that Cai Wen missed his hometown and could not bear to be separated. Music euphemistically mourns and tears the liver and intestines.

Introduction to music:

"Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" was originally a piano piece, which was said to be composed by Cai Wenji. It consists of 65,438+08 songs with a piano, which shows Wenxi's homesickness, sadness and lofty resentment. At present, Qin Le is the most popular one.

Hu Jia's Eighteen Beats: Guqin music is said to be written, and it is a vocal suite composed of 65,438+08 songs, accompanied by Qin. "Pai" is the "first" in Turkic, hence the name "Hu Jia", which is why the sound of the piano melted Hu Che's wailing.

Huang, a pianist in the Tang Dynasty, was famous for being good at playing this piece. Li Jie's "Listening to Dong Da's Exalting" has a saying: "Mrs. Cai wrote this song for 18 verses for a long time, and the Tatar shed tears and grass, and the Han made him sad." In Qin music, Wenxi empathizes with sound, borrows Hu Jia's music which is good at expressing homesickness and sadness, and blends into the timbre of guqin, showing a noble resentment.

There are two kinds of biographies at present. One is Qin Song in Qin Shi (16 1 1 year edition) in Ming Dynasty, whose ci is Cai Wenji's narrative poem of the same name; First, the solo music recorded in the piano score of Chengjiantang in the early Qing Dynasty and its later scores, the latter is widely circulated in the piano world, especially the notation in Wang Zhizhai's piano score is the most representative.

The eighteen passages of the whole song * * * use three modes: Gong, Zheng and Yu. The contrast and development of music are distinct and divided into two levels. The first ten beats mainly describe the author's homesickness when he was in Woody. The latter level expresses the author's hidden pain and sadness when bidding farewell to young children.

The whole song of this song is inseparable from the word "sadness", which has been adapted into a wind solo. When playing a wind instrument, the sad voice penetrates people's hearts, the high one is sad, and the low one is deep and sad.

Cai Wenji's Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia was praised by Guo Moruo as "the most enjoyable lyric poem since Qu Yuan's Lisao".