How does stagnant water reflect the beauty of music, painting and architecture?

"Three beauties" is a brief summary of the theoretical connotation of Wen Yiduo's new poetry, that is, the new poetry should have the beauty of music (the beauty of syllables), painting (the beauty of words) and architecture (the beauty of symmetrical and even sections). The concept of "three beauties" better embodies Wen Yiduo's aim of establishing the artistic form of China's new poetry. "The power of poetry includes not only the beauty of music (syllables) and painting (words), but also the beauty of architecture (symmetry of knots and uniformity of sentences)." (Wen Yiduo's Metric of Poetry)

An Important Representative of Wen Yiduo's "Three Beauties" —— Dead Water

Wen Yiduo's theory of "three beauties" of new poetic meter was highly generalized and strongly advocated on the basis of absorbing and inheriting the achievements of predecessors and sages, thus becoming the most influential poetic aesthetic principle in the new poetic world at that time. The opinions of predecessors mainly include Yuan Mei, an old man who accompanied the garden in Qing Dynasty. Wen Yiduo pointed out, "I once said that poetry has four elements: illusion, emotion, syllable and painting algae." The so-called "dynamic character" of Suiyuan old people is emotion, "striking color" is algae painting, "palatability" is illusion, and "pleasant voice" is syllable-"(Selected Letters from Wen Yiduo to Wu Jingchao) Shi Xian's point of view is Zong Baihua. He believes that words have two functions: one is the function of music, and music can be heard in words. The second is the role of painting, which can express the shape and color of space with words. It is in the spirit of maintaining China's poetic art that Wen Yiduo thinks that the artistic features of uniformity, ambiguity, implication and perfection should be emphasized, and he uniquely puts forward poetic ideas of "beauty of music", "beauty of painting" and "beauty of architecture" in his new poetry creation. At the same time, he created many new poems with the beauty of music, painting and architecture. Take "stagnant water" as an example to analyze as follows:

"Dead Water" is Wen Yiduo's "first most satisfactory syllable experiment". It embodies the basic characteristics of "three beauties" and becomes a model of China's modern new metrical poems, which are widely read. The works vividly reproduce the stagnant, dark and lifeless social reality of old China.

Beautiful syllables. From the phonological point of view, the whole poem has four lines in each section and four musical feet in each line, all of which are composed of three two-character feet and 65,438+0 three-character feet, and each line ends with 65,438+0 disyllabic words. Coupled with the staggered rhyme, it sounds powerful, cadence and catchy, giving people a distinct sense of rhythm. Therefore, Mr. Wen Yiduo analyzed the stagnant water himself and thought: "This poem begins with the first line" This is/a ditch/despair/stagnant water ". After that, each line consists of three "two-footed" and one "three-footed", so the number of words in each line is the same. As a result, I think this poem is my first most satisfactory syllable experiment. " (Wen Yiduo's Metric of Poetry)

-Beauty in painting. Judging from the color of poetry, although the poet wrote "stagnant water", his words were rich and colorful, and he chose the most colorful words to describe a series of bright images such as "jade", "peach blossom", "cloud", "green wine" and "foam", which not only made his works have certain picture images, but also produced them. This beautiful color is in sharp contrast with the stinking stagnant water, which is further rotted through allegory.

-Beautiful architecture. From the format of the poem, the whole poem consists of five sections, four sentences in each section and nine words in each sentence, which are uniform, achieving "symmetry of sections and unity of sentences", giving people a sense of harmony, symmetry and neatness from the external form, showing a dignified and serious language architectural beauty.

In short, the dead water meter is rigorous and orderly, and its style is deep and dignified, which is very suitable for expressing the poet's deep feelings of grief and indignation. It can make people hide an emotional power that wants to destroy everything under the calm surface. Therefore, when discussing the artistic pursuit and achievements of Dead Water, Mr. Shen Congwen pointed out that it "has achieved a higher purity in words and organization than anyone in China, that is, it has got rid of the atmosphere dominated by words in the Collection of Grass Mang (by Zhu Xiang) and established a complete new poetic style for China." (On Wen Yiduo's Dead Water and New Moon, Volume 3, Volume 2)